Skip to main content
Clinical and Experimental Immunology logoLink to Clinical and Experimental Immunology
. 1987 May;68(2):357–365.

In vitro effects of gold sodium thiomalate on IL-1, IL-2 production, IL-2 receptor expression and IL-2 responsiveness in thymocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

E Blitstein-Willinger 1, A Streller 1
PMCID: PMC1542720  PMID: 3115645

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effect in vitro of gold sodium thiomalate (GST) on interleukin 1 (IL-1), and interleukin 2 (IL-2) production and IL-2 receptor expression in thymocytes of mice and in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). GST increased the proliferation of thymocytes and PBMC to suboptimal doses of T cell mitogens Con A and PHA. It induced IL-1 production of the accessory adherent cells within thymocytes and PBMC, IL-1 production in the murine macrophage line P388D1 and induced the PHA reactive thymocytes to produce IL-2 and to express IL-2 receptors. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Full text

PDF
357

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bonnard G. D., Yasaka K., Jacobson D. Ligand-activated T cell growth factor-induced proliferation: absorption of T cell growth factor by activated T cells. J Immunol. 1979 Dec;123(6):2704–2708. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bödeker B. G., van Eijk R. V., Mühlradt P. F. Mitogenic effects of partially purified interleukin 2 on thymocyte subpopulations and spleen t cells of the mouse. Eur J Immunol. 1980 Sep;10(9):702–707. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830100909. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Cantrell D. A., Smith K. A. The interleukin-2 T-cell system: a new cell growth model. Science. 1984 Jun 22;224(4655):1312–1316. doi: 10.1126/science.6427923. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chaffman M., Brogden R. N., Heel R. C., Speight T. M., Avery G. S. Auranofin. A preliminary review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in rheumatoid arthritis. Drugs. 1984 May;27(5):378–424. doi: 10.2165/00003495-198427050-00002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Conlon P. J., Ramthun C. A., Henney C. S., Gillis S. Cytokine-dependent thymocyte responses. II. Generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes from immature thymocytes. J Immunol. 1982 Jul;129(1):11–17. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Farrar J. J., Benjamin W. R., Hilfiker M. L., Howard M., Farrar W. L., Fuller-Farrar J. The biochemistry, biology, and role of interleukin 2 in the induction of cytotoxic T cell and antibody-forming B cell responses. Immunol Rev. 1982;63:129–166. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1982.tb00414.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gillis S., Baker P. E., Ruscetti F. W., Smith K. A. Long-term culture of human antigen-specific cytotoxic T-cell lines. J Exp Med. 1978 Oct 1;148(4):1093–1098. doi: 10.1084/jem.148.4.1093. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gillis S., Ferm M. M., Ou W., Smith K. A. T cell growth factor: parameters of production and a quantitative microassay for activity. J Immunol. 1978 Jun;120(6):2027–2032. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Gillis S., Mizel S. B. T-Cell lymphoma model for the analysis of interleukin 1-mediated T-cell activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Feb;78(2):1133–1137. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.2.1133. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Gottlieb N. L., Kiem I. M., Penneys N. S., Schultz D. R. The influence of chrysotherapy on serum protein and immunoglobulin levels, rheumatoid factor, and antiepithelial antibody titers. J Lab Clin Med. 1975 Dec;86(6):962–972. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Harth M., Stiller C. R., St C Sinclair N. R., Evans J., McGirr D., Zuberi R. Effects of a gold salt on lymphocyte responses. Clin Exp Immunol. 1977 Feb;27(2):357–364. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Highton J., Panayi G. S., Shepherd P., Griffin J., Gibson T. Changes in immune function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis following treatment with sodium aurothiomalate. Ann Rheum Dis. 1981 Jun;40(3):254–262. doi: 10.1136/ard.40.3.254. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Ho P. P., Young A. L., Southard G. L. Methyl ester of N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine: chemotactic responses of human blood monocytes and inhibition of gold compounds. Arthritis Rheum. 1978 Jan-Feb;21(1):133–136. doi: 10.1002/art.1780210121. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Howard M., Matis L., Malek T. R., Shevach E., Kell W., Cohen D., Nakanishi K., Paul W. E. Interleukin 2 induces antigen-reactive T cell lines to secrete BCGF-I. J Exp Med. 1983 Dec 1;158(6):2024–2039. doi: 10.1084/jem.158.6.2024. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Jessop J. D., Vernon-Roberts B., Harris J. Effects of gold salts and prednisolone on inflammatory cells. I. Phagocytic activity of macrophages and polymorphs in inflammatory exudates studied by a "skin-window" technique in rheumatoid and control patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 1973 Jul;32(4):294–300. doi: 10.1136/ard.32.4.294. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Krain L. S. The association of pemphigus with thymoma or malignancy: a critical review. Br J Dermatol. 1974 Apr;90(4):397–405. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb06424.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Krugliak L., Zimlichman R. R., Schlaeffer F., Sacks M. Immunoblastic lymphoma and thymic epithelial hyperplasia in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy following gold therapy. Isr J Med Sci. 1985 Apr;21(4):381–385. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lee J. C., Rebar L., Demuth S., Hanna N. Suppressed IL-2 production and response in AA rats: role of suppressor cells and the effect of auranofin treatment. J Rheumatol. 1985 Oct;12(5):885–891. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lies R. B., Cardin C., Paulus H. E. Inhibition by gold of human lymphocyte stimulation. An in vitro study. Ann Rheum Dis. 1977 Jun;36(3):216–218. doi: 10.1136/ard.36.3.216. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Lipsky P. E., Ziff M. Inhibition of antigen- and mitogen-induced human lymphocyte proliferation by gold compounds. J Clin Invest. 1977 Mar;59(3):455–466. doi: 10.1172/JCI108660. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Maizel A. L., Mehta S. R., Ford R. J., Lachman L. B. Effect of interleukin 1 on human thymocytes and purified human T cells. J Exp Med. 1981 Feb 1;153(2):470–475. doi: 10.1084/jem.153.2.470. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Miller J. F., Osoba D. Current concepts of the immunological function of the thymus. Physiol Rev. 1967 Jul;47(3):437–520. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1967.47.3.437. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Mizel S. B. Interleukin 1 and T cell activation. Immunol Rev. 1982;63:51–72. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1982.tb00411.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Moore M. A., Owen J. J. Experimental studies on the development of the thymus. J Exp Med. 1967 Oct 1;126(4):715–726. doi: 10.1084/jem.126.4.715. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Männel D. N., Mizel S. B., Diamantstein T., Falk W. Induction of interleukin 2 responsiveness in thymocytes by synergistic action of interleukin 1 and interleukin 2. J Immunol. 1985 May;134(5):3108–3110. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Panush R. S. Effects of certain antirheumatic drugs on normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Inhibition of mitogen- and antigen-stimulated incorporation of tritiated thymidine. Arthritis Rheum. 1976 Sep-Oct;19(5):907–917. doi: 10.1002/art.1780190512. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Panush R. S. Nonspecific suppressor function in rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Lab Immunol. 1982 Oct;9(1):59–64. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Pfreundschuh M., Parino G., Gram N., Bröker A., Gause A., Hunstein W. The influence of chrysotherapy on T-lymphocyte subpopulations in rheumatoid arthritis. Z Rheumatol. 1983 Nov-Dec;42(6):328–331. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Phillips R., Lomnitzer R., Rabson A. R. Modulation of the sodium periodate (NaIO4) response in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): effect of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-2 (IL-2), phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), and indomethacin. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1985 Jan;34(1):77–83. doi: 10.1016/0090-1229(85)90009-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Phillips R., Lomnitzer R., Wadee A. A., Rabson A. R. Defective monocyte function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1985 Jan;34(1):69–76. doi: 10.1016/0090-1229(85)90008-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Reinherz E. L., Kung P. C., Goldstein G., Schlossman S. F. Separation of functional subsets of human T cells by a monoclonal antibody. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Aug;76(8):4061–4065. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.8.4061. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Rock K. L., Benacerraf B. Thymic T cells are driven to expand upon interaction with self-class II major histocompatibility complex gene products on accessory cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Feb;81(4):1221–1224. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.4.1221. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Smith K. A., Lachman L. B., Oppenheim J. J., Favata M. F. The functional relationship of the interleukins. J Exp Med. 1980 Jun 1;151(6):1551–1556. doi: 10.1084/jem.151.6.1551. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Vernon-Roberts B., Jessop J. D., Doré J. Effects of gold salts and prednisolone on inflammatory cells. II. Suppression of inflammation and phagocytosis in the rat. Ann Rheum Dis. 1973 Jul;32(4):301–307. doi: 10.1136/ard.32.4.301. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Viken K. E., Lamvik J. O. Effect of aurothiomalate on human mononuclear blood cells cultured in vitro. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand C. 1976 Oct;84C(5):419–424. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00050.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Wagner H., Hardt C., Heeg K., Röllinghoff M., Pfizenmaier K. T-cell-derived helper factor allows in vivo induction of cytotoxic T cells in nu/nu mice. Nature. 1980 Mar 20;284(5753):278–278. doi: 10.1038/284278a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Warchoł J. B., Brelińska R., Jaroszewski J. Granules of Langerhans cells in the thymus contain gold. Experientia. 1984 Jan 15;40(1):75–76. doi: 10.1007/BF01959109. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Clinical and Experimental Immunology are provided here courtesy of British Society for Immunology

RESOURCES