Skip to main content
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine logoLink to Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine
. 1977 Sep;70(9):611–615. doi: 10.1177/003591577707000904

Kwashiorkor and marasmus: old concepts and new developments.

W P James
PMCID: PMC1543355  PMID: 411136

Full text

PDF
611

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ashworth A., Bell R., James W. P., Waterlow J. C. Calorie requirements of children recovering from protein-calorie manutrition. Lancet. 1968 Sep 14;2(7568):600–603. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(68)90697-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BROCK J. F., HANSEN J. D., HOWE E. E., PRETORIUS P. J., DAVEL J. G., HENDRICKSE R. G. Kwashiorkor and protein malnutrition; a dietary therapeutic trial. Lancet. 1955 Aug 20;269(6886):355–360. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(55)92349-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Brunser O., Reid A., Mönckeberg F., Maccioni A., Contreras I. Jejunal biopsies in infant malnutrition: with special reference to mitotic index. Pediatrics. 1966 Oct;38(4):605–612. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chandra R. K. Reduced secretory antibody response to live attenuated measles and poliovirus vaccines in malnourished children. Br Med J. 1975 Jun 14;2(5971):583–585. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5971.583. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chandra R. K., Saraya A. K. Impaired immunocompetence associated with iron deficiency. J Pediatr. 1975 Jun;86(6):899–902. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(75)80221-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cooper W. C., Good R. A., Mariani T. Effects of protein insufficiency on immune responsiveness. Am J Clin Nutr. 1974 Jun;27(6):647–664. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/27.6.647. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Coovadia H. M., Parent M. A., Loening W. E., Wesley A., Burgess B., Hallett F., Brain P., Grace J., Naidoo J., Smythe P. M. An evaluation of factors associated with the depression of immunity in malnutrition and in measles. Am J Clin Nutr. 1974 Jun;27(6):665–669. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/27.6.665. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Coward W. A. Serum colloidal osmotic pressure in the development of kwashiorkor and in recovery: its relationship to albumin and globulin concentrations and oedema. Br J Nutr. 1975 Nov;34(3):459–467. doi: 10.1017/s0007114575000517. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. DAMMIN G. J. PATHOGENESIS OF ACUTE CLINICAL DIARRHEAL DISEASE. Fed Proc. 1965 Jan-Feb;24:35–38. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Edelman R., Suskind R., Olson R. E., Sirisinha S. Mechanisms of defective delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity in children with protein-calorie malnutrition. Lancet. 1973 Mar 10;1(7802):506–508. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(73)90326-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gracey M., Suharjono, Sunoto, Stone D. E. Microbial contamination of the gut: another feature of malnutrition. Am J Clin Nutr. 1973 Nov;26(11):1170–1174. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/26.11.1170. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gross R. L., Reid J. V., Newberne P. M., Burgess B., Marston R., Hift W. Depressed cell-mediated immunity in megaloblastic anemia due to folic acid deficiency. Am J Clin Nutr. 1975 Mar;28(3):225–232. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/28.3.225. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Heyworth B., Brown J. Jejunal microflora in malnourished Gambian children. Arch Dis Child. 1975 Jan;50(1):27–33. doi: 10.1136/adc.50.1.27. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. JELLIFFE D. B. Protein-calorie malnutrition in tropical preschool children; a review of recent knowledge. J Pediatr. 1959 Feb;54(2):227–256. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(59)80067-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. James W. P., Drasar B. S., Miller C. Physiological mechanism and pathogenesis of weanling diarrhea. Am J Clin Nutr. 1972 Jun;25(6):564–571. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/25.6.564. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. James W. P., Hay A. M. Albumin metabolism: effect of the nutritional state and the dietary protein intake. J Clin Invest. 1968 Sep;47(9):1958–1972. doi: 10.1172/JCI105885. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. James W. P. Jejunal disaccharidase activities in children with marasmus and with kwashiorkor. Response to treatment. Arch Dis Child. 1971 Apr;46(246):218–220. doi: 10.1136/adc.46.246.218. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Naismith D. J. Kwashiorkor in western Nigeria: a study of traditional weaning foods, with particular reference to energy and linoleic acid. Br J Nutr. 1973 Nov;30(3):567–576. doi: 10.1079/bjn19730063. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Neto U. F., Toccalino H., Dujovney F. Stool bacterial aerobic overgrowth in the small intestine of children with acute diarrhoea. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1976 Sep;65(5):609–615. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1976.tb04940.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Press M., Hartop P. J., Prottey C. Correction of essential fatty-acid deficiency in man by the cutaneous application of sunflower-seed oil. Lancet. 1974 Apr 6;1(7858):597–598. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(74)92653-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Reddy V., Jagadeesan V., Ragharamulu N., Bhaskaram C., Srikantia S. G. Functional significance of growth retardation in malnutrition. Am J Clin Nutr. 1976 Jan;29(1):3–7. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/29.1.3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Rutishauser I. H., Whitehead R. G. Energy intake and expenditure in 1-3-year-old Ugandan children living in a rural environment. Br J Nutr. 1972 Jul;28(1):145–152. doi: 10.1079/bjn19720017. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Schneider R. E., Viteri F. E. Luminal events of lipid absorption in protein-calorie malnourished children; relationship with nutritional recovery and diarrhea. II. Alterations in bile acid content of duodenal aspirates. Am J Clin Nutr. 1974 Aug;27(8):788–796. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/27.8.788. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Smythe P. M., Brereton-Stiles G. G., Grace H. J., Mafoyane A., Schonland M., Coovadia H. M., Loening W. E., Parent M. A., Vos G. H. Thymolymphatic deficiency and depression of cell-mediated immunity in protein-calorie malnutrition. Lancet. 1971 Oct 30;2(7731):939–943. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)90267-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Troll U., Ritimeyer P. Veränderungen im Fettsäuremuster der Serumgesamtlipoide bei Katabolie. Infusionstherapie. 1974 Feb;1(3):230–236. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. WATERLOW J. C., CRAVIOTO J., STEPHEN J. M. Protein malnutrition in man. Adv Protein Chem. 1960;15:131–238. doi: 10.1016/s0065-3233(08)60309-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Waterlow J. C. Observations on the mechanism of adaptation to low protein intakes. Lancet. 1968 Nov 23;2(7578):1091–1097. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(68)91576-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine are provided here courtesy of Royal Society of Medicine Press

RESOURCES