Abstract
A clinicopathological study of 206 Indian children with nephrotic syndrome showed a primary renal cause in 195 (96%), of which 77% were boys. In 126 children (96 boys, 30 girls) onset of the disorder occurred before the age of 5 years. Renal biopsy showed minimal lesions in 150 patients (77%); in 85 of these biopsy was done 3 months to 16 years after onset of the nephrotic syndrome. Significant renal histological abnormalities in 45 cases were labelled as mesangiocapillary 8, mesangioproliferative 4, proliferative with extensive crescents 2, membranous 3, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 9, focal global glomerulosclerosis 2, advanced nonspecific 8, and mild proliferative 9. Nephritic manifestations were mainly associated with significant renal lesions, which were more frequently encountered when the onset of disease was after the age of 5 years. Clearance of proteinuria with corticosteroid therapy was practically confined to patients with minimal or mild renal histological changes. Our findings suggest that the pattern of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in Indian children is similar to that reported from Western countries.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Arneil G. C. The nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1971 May;18(2):547–559. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)32565-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Churg J., Habib R., White R. H. Pathology of the nephrotic syndrome in children: a report for the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children. Lancet. 1970 Jun 20;760(1):1299–1302. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(70)91905-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Drummond K. N., Michael A. F., Good R. A., Vernier R. L. The nephrotic syndrome of childhood: immunologic, clinical, and pathologic correlations. J Clin Invest. 1966 Apr;45(4):620–630. doi: 10.1172/JCI105376. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- HENDRICKSE R. G., GILLES H. M. The nephrotic syndrome and other renal diseases in children in Western Nigeria. East Afr Med J. 1963 May;40:186–201. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Habib R., Kleinknecht C. The primary nephrotic syndrome of childhood. Classification and clinicopathologic study of 406 cases. Pathol Annu. 1971;6:417–474. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Heymann W., Makker S. P., Post R. S. The preponderance of males in the idiopathic nephrotic syndrome of childhood. Pediatrics. 1972 Nov;50(5):814–817. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kincaid-Smith P., Hobbs J. B. Glomerulonephritis: a classification based on morphology with comments on the significance of vessel lesions. Med J Aust. 1972 Dec 16;2(25):1397–1403. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1972.tb92967.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kincaid-Smith P. The treatment of chronic mesangiocapillary (membranoproliferative) glomerulonephritis with impaired renal function. Med J Aust. 1972 Sep 9;2(11):587–592. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1972.tb47498.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Richardson J. A., Rosenau W., Lee J. C., Hopper J., Jr Kidney transplantation for rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Lancet. 1970 Jul 25;2(7665):180–182. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(70)92536-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Srivastava R. N., Mayekar G., Anand R., Choudhry V. P., Ghai O. P. Cyclophosphamide therapy in the management of nephrotic syndrome. Indian Pediatr. 1974 Dec;11(12):767–774. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tsao Y. C., Chan W. C., Gibson J. B. Persistent proteinuria in children. Arch Dis Child. 1969 Aug;44(236):443–453. doi: 10.1136/adc.44.236.443. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- White R. H., Glasgow E. F., Mills R. J. Clinicopathological study of nephrotic syndrome in childhood. Lancet. 1970 Jun 27;1(7661):1353–1359. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(70)91268-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]