Skip to main content
PMC home page
British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.) logoLink to British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.)
. 1983 Feb 12;286(6364):531–535. doi: 10.1136/bmj.286.6364.531

Is serum gamma-glutamyltransferase a misleading test?

R Penn, D J Worthington
PMCID: PMC1546547  PMID: 6130816

Full text

PDF
531

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. ALBERT Z., ORLOWSKA J., ORLOWSKI M., SZEWCZUK A. HISTOCHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSPEPTIDASE IN THE TISSUES OF MAN AND LABORATORY RODENTS. Acta Histochem. 1964 May 30;18:78–89. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. ARONSEN K. F., HANSON A., NOSSLIN B. THE VALUE OF GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSPEPTIDASE IN DIFFERENTIATING VIRAL HEPATITIS FROM OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE. A STATISTICAL COMPARISON WITH ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE. Acta Chir Scand. 1965 Jul-Aug;130:92–99. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Aronsen K. F., Nosslin B., Pihl B. The value of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase as a screen test for liver tumour. Acta Chir Scand. 1970;136(1):17–22. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Baden H., Andersen B., Augustenborg G., Hanel H. K. Diagnostic value of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and alkaline phosphatase in liver metastases. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1971 Nov;133(5):769–773. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Barton A. D., Powers J. L., Lourenco R. V. Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1974 May;146(1):99–103. doi: 10.3181/00379727-146-38051. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bernadt M. W., Mumford J., Taylor C., Smith B., Murray R. M. Comparison of questionnaire and laboratory tests in the detection of excessive drinking and alcoholism. Lancet. 1982 Feb 6;1(8267):325–328. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(82)91579-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Betro M. G., Oon R. C., Edwards J. B. Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in diseases of the liver and bone. Am J Clin Pathol. 1973 Nov;60(5):672–678. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/60.5.672. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Boone D. J., Routh J. I., Schrantz R. Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and 5'-nucleotidase. Comparison as diagnostics for hepatic disease. Am J Clin Pathol. 1974 Mar;61(3):321–327. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/61.3.321. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Cucuianu M., Vlaicu R., Popescu T. A., Hoinărescu E., Pintea L., Costin Puşcaş M., Pop M. Behaviour of gamma-glutamyltransferase in chronic consumers of alcohol. Med Interne. 1980 Apr-Jun;18(2):189–195. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Dragosics B., Ferenci P., Pesendorfer F., Wewalka F. G. Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTP): its relationship to other enzymes for diagnosis of liver disease. Prog Liver Dis. 1976;5:436–449. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Ellis G., Worthy E., Goldberg D. M. Further experience with computer-assisted diagnosis of diseases of the liver and biliary tree. Clin Chem. 1980 Aug;26(9):1266–1271. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Ellis G., Worthy E., Goldberg D. M. Lack of value of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase in the diagnosis of hepatobiliary disease. Clin Biochem. 1979 Aug;12(4):142–145. doi: 10.1016/s0009-9120(79)80142-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. GOLDBARG J. A., FRIEDMAN O. M., PINEDA E. P., SMITH E. E., CHATTERJI R., STEIN E. H., RUTENBURG A. M. The colorimetric determination of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase with a synthetic substrate. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1960 Nov;91:61–70. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(60)90455-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Gabbrielli G., Trimarchi I. Corredo enzimatico e tipizzazione stafilococcica. Quad Sclavo Diagn. 1973 Mar;9(1):115–123. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Goldberg D. M., Martin J. V. Role of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in the diagnosis of hepatobiliary disease. Digestion. 1975;12(4-6):232–246. doi: 10.1159/000197682. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Goldberg D. M. Structural, functional, and clinical aspects of gamma-glutamyltransferase. CRC Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 1980;12(1):1–58. doi: 10.3109/10408368009108725. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Horner F., Kellen J. A., Kingstone E., Maharaj N., Malkin A. Dynamic changes of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase in chronic alcoholism. Enzyme. 1979;24(4):217–223. doi: 10.1159/000458662. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Huseby N. E. Purification and some properties of gamma-glutamyltransferase from human liver. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1977 Jul 8;483(1):46–56. doi: 10.1016/0005-2744(77)90006-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Idéo G., Morganti A., Dioguardi N. Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase: a clinical and experimental study. Digestion. 1972;5(6):326–336. doi: 10.1159/000197206. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Ivanov E., Adjarov D., Etarska M., Stankushev T., Brumbarov K., Kerimova M. Elevated liver gamma-glutamyl transferase in chronic alcoholics. Enzyme. 1980;25(5):304–308. doi: 10.1159/000459271. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Jacobs W. L. -glutamyl-transpeptidase in diseases of the liver, cardiovascular system and diabetes mellitus. Clin Chim Acta. 1972 May;38(2):419–434. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(72)90134-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. KOKOT F., KUSKA J. UBER DIE BEDEUTUNG DER ISOENZYME DER GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-TRANSPEPTIDASE IN DER KLINISCHEN DIAGNOSTIK. Clin Chim Acta. 1965 Feb;11:118–121. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(65)90204-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Kataja J., Gordin R. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and alkaline phosphatase in severely injured patients. Acta Chir Scand. 1970;136(4):277–281. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Knight J. A., Haymond R. E. gamma-Glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities compared in serum of normal children and children with liver disease. Clin Chem. 1981 Jan;27(1):48–51. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Konttinen A., Härtel G., Louhija A. Multiple serum enzyme analyses in chronic alcoholics. Acta Med Scand. 1970 Oct;188(4):257–264. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1970.tb08034.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Kristenson H., Trell E., Fex G., Hood B. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase: statistical distribution in a middle-aged male population and evaluation of alcohol habits in individuals with elevated levels. Prev Med. 1980 Jan;9(1):108–119. doi: 10.1016/0091-7435(80)90062-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Kryszewski A., Bardzik I., Kilkowska K., Vogel-Pieńkowska M., Schminda R. Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity in serum and liver in chronic alcoholism. Possible usefulness as a test of abstinence. Acta Med Pol. 1977;18(3):199–211. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Lamy J., Baglin M. C., Aron E., Weill J. Diminution de Là gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase sérique des cirrhotiques a la suite du sevrage. Clin Chim Acta. 1975 Apr 2;60(1):97–101. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(75)90185-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Lum G., Gambino S. R. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity as an indicator of disease of liver, pancreas, or bone. Clin Chem. 1972 Apr;18(4):358–362. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Martin J. V., Hague R. V., Martin P. J., Cullen D. R., Goldberg D. M. The association between serum triglycerides and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity in diabetes mellitus. Clin Biochem. 1976 Aug;9(4):208–211. doi: 10.1016/s0009-9120(76)80059-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Naftalin L., Child V. J., Morley D. A., Smith D. A. Observations on the site of origin of serum gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase. Clin Chim Acta. 1969 Nov;26(2):297–300. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(69)90382-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. ORLOWSKI M. THE ROLE OF GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSPEPTIDASE IN THE INTERNAL DISEASES CLINIC. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 1963;11:1–61. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Priolisi A., Didato M., Fazio M., Gioeli R. A. Le variazioni della attività sierica gamma-glutamil-transpeptidasica di neonati a termine e pre-termine durante le prime due settimane di vita. Minerva Pediatr. 1980 Mar 15;32(5):291–296. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. RUTTENBURG A. M., GOLDBARG J. A., PINEDA E. P. SERUM GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSPEPTIDASE ACTIVITY IN HEPATOBILIARY PANCREATIC DISEASE. Gastroenterology. 1963 Jul;45:43–48. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Reyes E., Miller W. R. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase as a diagnostic aid in problem drinkers. Addict Behav. 1980;5(1):59–65. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(80)90022-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Robinson D., Monk C., Bailey A. The relationship between serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level and reported alcohol consumption in healthy men. J Stud Alcohol. 1979 Sep;40(9):896–901. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1979.40.896. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Rollason J. G., Pincherle G., Robinson D. Serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase in relation to alcohol consumption. Clin Chim Acta. 1972 Jun;39(1):75–80. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(72)90301-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Rosalki S. B. Enzyme tests for alcoholism. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 1977 Jun 30;25(2):147–158. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Rosalki S. B., Rau D. Serum -glutamyl transpeptidase activity in alcoholism. Clin Chim Acta. 1972 Jun;39(1):41–47. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(72)90297-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Rosalki S. B., Tarlow D., Rau D. Plasma gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase elevation in patients receiving enzyme-inducing drugs. Lancet. 1971 Aug 14;2(7720):376–377. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)90093-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Rosalki S. B., Zilva J. F. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and alcoholism. Lancet. 1977 Dec 3;2(8049):1183–1184. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(77)91579-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Rutenburg A. M., Kim H., Fischbein J. W., Hanker J. S., Wasserkrug H. L., Seligman A. M. Histochemical and ultrastructural demonstration of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity. J Histochem Cytochem. 1969 Aug;17(8):517–526. doi: 10.1177/17.8.517. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. SZEWCZUK A., ORLOWSKI M. The use of alpha-(N-gamma-dL-glutamyl)-aminonitriles for the colorimetric determination of a specific peptidase in blood serum. Clin Chim Acta. 1960 Sep;5:680–688. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(60)90009-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Schiele F., Guilmin A. M., Detienne H., Siest G. Gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in plasma: statistical distributions, individual variations, and reference intervals. Clin Chem. 1977 Jun;23(6):1023–1028. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Shaw L. M., London J. W., Petersen L. E. Isolation of gamma-glutamyltransferase from human liver, and comparison with the enzyme from human kidney. Clin Chem. 1978 Jun;24(6):905–915. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Shaw L. M., Petersen-Archer L., London J. W., Marsh E. Electrophoretic, kinetic, and immunoinhibition properties of gamma-glutamyltransferase from various tissues compared. Clin Chem. 1980 Oct;26(11):1523–1527. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Sheehan M., Haythorn P. Predictive values of various liver function tests with respect to the diagnosis of liver disease. Clin Biochem. 1979 Dec;12(6):262–263. doi: 10.1016/s0009-9120(79)80122-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Shore G. M., Hoberman L., Dowdey B. C., Combes B. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in normal children. Am J Clin Pathol. 1975 Feb;63(2):245–250. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/63.2.245. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Skude G., Wadstein J. Amylase, hepatic enzymes and bilirubin in serum of chronic alcoholics. Acta Med Scand. 1977 Jan;201(1-2):53–58. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1977.tb15654.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Solberg H. E., Skrede S., Blomhoff J. P. Diagnosis of liver diseases by laboratory results and discriminant analysis. Identification of best combinations of laboratory tests. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1975 Dec;35(8):713–721. doi: 10.3109/00365517509095802. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Villa L., Dioguardi N., Agostoni A., Ideo G., Stabilini R. Prognostic value of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in liver disease. Enzymol Biol Clin (Basel) 1966;7(1):109–114. doi: 10.1159/000457209. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Walker F. B., 4th, Hoblit D. L., Cunningham F. G., Combes B. Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase in normal pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1974 May;43(5):745–749. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Whitehead T. P., Clarke C. A., Whitfield A. G. Biochemical and haematological markers of alcohol intake. Lancet. 1978 May 6;1(8071):978–981. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(78)90261-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Whitehead T. P., Pandov H., Clark P. M. gamma-Glutamyltranspeptidase and alcohol problems. Lancet. 1981 Mar 21;1(8221):663–663. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(81)91576-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. Whitfield J. B., Allen J. K., Adena M. A., Hensley W. J. Effect of drinking on correlations between biochemical variables. Ann Clin Biochem. 1981 May;18(Pt 3):143–145. doi: 10.1177/000456328101800303. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Whitfield J. B., Hensley W. J., Bryden D., Gallagher H. Some laboratory correlates of drinking habits. Ann Clin Biochem. 1978 Nov;15(6):297–303. doi: 10.1177/000456327801500171. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Whitfield J. B., Moss D. W., Neale G., Orme M., Breckenridge A. Changes in plasma -glutamyl transpeptidase activity associated with alterations in drug metabolism in man. Br Med J. 1973 Feb 10;1(5849):316–318. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5849.316. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Whitfield J. B., Pounder R. E., Neale G., Moss D. W. Serum -glytamyl transpeptidase activity in liver disease. Gut. 1972 Sep;13(9):702–708. doi: 10.1136/gut.13.9.702. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  59. Wieczorek E. Effect of radiotherapy on -glutamyl transpeptidase and lactic dehydrogenase activity in cancer of the uterine cervix. Clin Chim Acta. 1972 Mar;37:203–206. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(72)90434-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  60. Zein M., Discombe G. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase as a diagnostic aid. Lancet. 1970 Oct 10;2(7676):748–750. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(70)90222-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from British Medical Journal (Clinical research ed.) are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES