Abstract
The bacteriophage [unk]X 174 has been administered intravenously in doses within the range 108–1010 PFU to twenty-six normal human adult volunteers. Antibody was measured as a 50% bacteriophage neutralization titre (SD50). Pre-immunization antibody was found in only one subject. All subjects showed a primary (IgM) response. Peak titres of antibody of 18–8000 occurred between days 6 and 9 in a group of early responders, and between days 14 and 24 in a late group. The secondary response was tested in twenty subjects and peak titres of 1400–50,000 were found in a single group, between days 6 and 13. Thirteen out of fourteen subjects receiving a secondary dose after 6 weeks showed a peak antibody titre between 11,000 and 50,000.
The uniformity of the secondary response indicates that it will be a valuable clinical test of antibody-producing capacity.
Full text
PDF
















Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Bandilla K. K., McDuffie F. C., Gleich G. J. Immunoglobulin classes of antibodies produced in the primary and secondary responses in man. Clin Exp Immunol. 1969 Dec;5(6):627–641. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ching Y. C., Davis S. D., Wedgwood R. J. Antibody studies in hypogammaglobulinemia. J Clin Invest. 1966 Oct;45(10):1593–1600. doi: 10.1172/JCI105465. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Curtis J. E., Hersh E. M., Harris J. E., McBride C., Freireich E. J. The human primary immune response to keyhole limpet haemocyanin: interrelationships of delayed hypersensitivity, antibody response and in vitro blast transformation. Clin Exp Immunol. 1970 Apr;6(4):473–491. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- FRASER D., JERREL E. A. The amino acid composition of T3 bacteriophage. J Biol Chem. 1953 Nov;205(1):291–295. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Finkelstein M. S., Uhr J. W. Antibody formation. V. The avidity of gamma-M and gamma-G guinea pig antibodies to bacteriophage phi-x 174. J Immunol. 1966 Nov;97(5):565–576. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Haimovich J., Sela M. Inactivation of bacteriophage T4, of poly-D-alanyl bacteriophage and of penicilloyl bacteriophage by immunospecifically isolated IgM and IgG antibodies. J Immunol. 1969 Jul;103(1):45–55. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Herscowitz H. B., Harold W. W., Stavitsky A. B. Immunochemical and immunogenic properties of a purified keyhold limpet haemocyanin. Immunology. 1972 Jan;22(1):51–61. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kallings L. O., Löfgren S. The occurrence of natural antibodies in sarcoidosis. Acta Med Scand Suppl. 1964;425:33–37. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1964.tb05691.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McDevitt H. O., Benacerraf B. Genetic control of specific immune responses. Adv Immunol. 1969;11:31–74. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60477-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ochs H. D., Davis S. D., Wedgwood R. J. Immunologic responses to bacteriophage phi-X 174 in immunodeficiency diseases. J Clin Invest. 1971 Dec;50(12):2559–2568. doi: 10.1172/JCI106756. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- ROLFE U., SINSHEIMER R. L. ANTIGENS OF BACTERIOPHAGE PHI-X174. J Immunol. 1965 Jan;94:18–21. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rowley M. J., Mackay I. R. Measurement of antibody-producing capacity in man. I. The normal response to flagellin from Salmonella adelaide. Clin Exp Immunol. 1969 Oct;5(4):407–418. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SONES M., ISRAEL H. L. Altered immunologic reactions in sarcoidosis. Ann Intern Med. 1954 Feb;40(2):260–268. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-40-2-260. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stashak P. W., Baker P. J., Roberson B. S. The serum antibody response to bacteriophage phi chi 174 in germ-free and conventionally reared mice. I. Assay of neutralizing antibody by a 50 per cent neutralization method. Immunology. 1970 Feb;18(2):295–305. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Uhr J. W., Finkelstein M. S. The kinetics of antibody formation. Prog Allergy. 1967;10:37–83. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wells J. V., Fudenberg H. H., MacKay I. R. RElation of the human antibody response to flagellin to GM genotype. J Immunol. 1971 Dec;107(6):1505–1511. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Witte O. N., Slobin L. I. Neutralization of haptenated bacteriophage f2 by anti-hapten antibodies: direct evidence for a critical site. J Immunol. 1972 Apr;108(4):927–936. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]