Skip to main content
Clinical and Experimental Immunology logoLink to Clinical and Experimental Immunology
. 1973 Dec;15(4):523–533.

Lymphocyte transformation by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and purified protein derivative (PPD) in primary biliary cirrhosis. Evidence of serum inhibitory factors

R N M Macsween, Mair A Thomas
PMCID: PMC1553970  PMID: 4544318

Abstract

Factors inhibitory to lymphocyte transformation in vitro by PHA and PPD have been demonstrated in the majority of sera from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. These factors inhibited transformation in response to PHA both of autologous lymphocytes, and of `reference' lymphocytes which were obtained from a single donor. `Reference' lymphocyte transformation in response to PPD was significantly less when cultured in sera from both primary biliary cirrhosis patients and control subjects than when cultured in AB serum.

Full text

PDF
523

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Blecher T. E., Brzechwa-Ajdukiewicz A., McCarthy C. F., Read A. E. Serum immunoglobulins and lymphocyte transformation studies in coeliac disease. Gut. 1969 Jan;10(1):57–62. doi: 10.1136/gut.10.1.57. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bullock W. E., Jr, Fasal P. Studies of immune mechanisms in leprosy. 3. The role of cellular and humoral factors in impairment of the in vitro immune response. J Immunol. 1971 Apr;106(4):888–899. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Burns C. P., Armentrout S. A., Gross S., Van den Noort S., Stjernholm R. L. The effect of a lymphotoxic factor in the sera of patients with multiple sclerosis and acute leukemia on the metabolism of normal and leukemic lymphocytes. J Lab Clin Med. 1971 Oct;78(4):508–516. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Canales L., Middlemas R. O., 3rd, Louro J. M., South M. A. Immunological observations in chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. Lancet. 1969 Sep 13;2(7620):567–571. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)90264-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cooperband S. R., Bondevik H., Schmid K., Mannick J. A. Transformation of human lymphocytes: inhibition by homologous alpha globulin. Science. 1968 Mar 15;159(3820):1243–1244. doi: 10.1126/science.159.3820.1243. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Fox R. A., Dudley F. J., Samuels M., Milligan J., Sherlock S. Lymphocyte transformation in response to phytohaemagglutinin in primary biliary cirrhosis: the search for a plasma inhibitory factor. Gut. 1973 Feb;14(2):89–93. doi: 10.1136/gut.14.2.89. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gatti R. A. Serum inhibitors of lymphocyte responses. Lancet. 1971 Jun 26;1(7713):1351–1352. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)91906-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Goudie R. B., Macsween R. N., Goldberg D. M. Serological and histological diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis. J Clin Pathol. 1966 Nov;19(6):527–538. doi: 10.1136/jcp.19.6.527. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Greaves M. F., Torrigiani G., Roitt I. M. Blocking of the lymphocyte receptor site for cell mediated hypersensitivity and transplantation reactions by anti-light chain sera. Nature. 1969 May 31;222(5196):885–886. doi: 10.1038/222885a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Heilman D. H., McFarland W. Inhibition of tuberculin-induced mitogenesis in cultures of lymphocytes from tuberculous donors. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1966;30(1):58–66. doi: 10.1159/000229793. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Horne C. H., McLay A. L., Tavadia H. B., Carmichael I., Mallinson A. C., Laiwah A. A., Thomas M. A., MacSween R. N. Studies on pregnancy-associated globulin. Clin Exp Immunol. 1973 Apr;13(4):603–611. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hsu C. C., Leevy C. M. Inhibition of PHA-stimulated lymphocyte transformation by plasma from patients with advanced alcoholic cirrhosis. Clin Exp Immunol. 1971 May;8(5):749–760. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Knowles M., Hughes D., Caspary E. A., Field E. J. Lymphocyte transformation in multiple sclerosis. Inhibition of unstimulated thymidine uptake by a serum factor. Lancet. 1968 Dec 7;2(7580):1207–1209. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(68)91691-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Laiwah A. A. Lymphocyte transformation by Australia antigen. Lancet. 1971 Aug 28;2(7722):470–471. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)92633-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Levene G. M., Turk J. L., Wright D. J., Grimble A. G. Reduced lymphocyte transformation due to a plasma factor in patients with active syphilis. Lancet. 1969 Aug 2;2(7614):246–247. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)90010-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. MacSween R. N., Horne C. H., Moffat A. J., Hughes H. M. Serum protein levels in primary biliary cirrhosis. J Clin Pathol. 1972 Sep;25(9):789–792. doi: 10.1136/jcp.25.9.789. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. McFarlin D. E., Oppenheim J. J. Impaired lymphocyte transformation in ataxia-telangiectasia in part due to a plasma inhibitory factor. J Immunol. 1969 Dec;103(6):1212–1222. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Mehra V. L., Talwar G. P., Balakrishnan K., Bhutani L. K. Influence of chemotherapy and serum factors on the mitogenic response of peripheral leucocytes of leprosy patients to phytohaemagglutinin. Clin Exp Immunol. 1972 Oct;12(2):205–213. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Mella B. A., Taswell H. F. Suppression of leukocytic mitosis by sera of hepatitis-implicated donors. Am J Clin Pathol. 1970 Feb;53(2):141–144. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/53.2.141. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Mella B., Lang D. J. Leukocyte mitosis: suppression in vitro associated with acute infectious hepatitis. Science. 1967 Jan 6;155(3758):80–81. doi: 10.1126/science.155.3758.80. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Newberry W. M., Jr, Chandler J. W., Jr, Chin T. D., Kirkpatrick C. H. Immunology of the mycoses. I. Depressed lymphocyte transformation in chronic histoplasmosis. J Immunol. 1968 Feb;100(2):436–443. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Newberry W. M., Sanford J. P. Defective cellular immunity in renal failure: depression of reactivity of lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin by renal failure serum. J Clin Invest. 1971 Jun;50(6):1262–1271. doi: 10.1172/JCI106604. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Newberry W. M., Shorey J. W., Sanford J. P., Combes B. Depression of lymphocyte reactivity to phytohemagglutinin by serum from patients with liver disease. Cell Immunol. 1973 Jan;6(1):87–97. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(73)90009-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Oppenheim J. J., Barlow M., Waldmann T. A., Block J. B. Impaired in vitro lymphocyte transformation in patients with ataxia-telangiectasis. Br Med J. 1966 Aug 6;2(5509):330–333. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5509.330. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Paronetto F., Popper H. Lymphocyte stimulation induced by halothane in patients with hepatitis following exposure to halothane. N Engl J Med. 1970 Aug 6;283(6):277–280. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197008062830602. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Scheuer P. Primary biliary cirrhosis. Proc R Soc Med. 1967 Dec;60(12):1257–1260. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Scheurlen P. G., Schneider W., Pappas A. Inhibition of transformation of normal lymphocytes by plasma factor from patients with Hodgkin's disease and cancer. Lancet. 1971 Dec 4;2(7736):1265–1265. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)90586-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Sherlock S., Fox R. A., James D. G., Scheuer P. J., Sharma O. Impaired delayed hypersensitivity in primary biliary cirrhosis. Lancet. 1969 May 10;1(7602):959–962. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)91860-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Silk M. R. The effect of uremic plasma on lymphocyte transformation. Invest Urol. 1967 Sep;5(2):195–199. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Smith J. K., Caspary E. A., Field E. J. Immune responses in pregnancy. Lancet. 1972 Jan 8;1(7741):96–96. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(72)90097-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Trubowitz S., Masek B., Del Rosario A. Lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutinin in Hodgkin's disease, lymphatic leukemia and lymphosarcoma. Cancer. 1966 Dec;19(12):2019–2023. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(196612)19:12<2019::aid-cncr2820191228>3.0.co;2-h. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Whittaker M. G., Rees K., Clark C. G. Reduced lymphocyte transformation in breast cancer. Lancet. 1971 May 1;1(7705):892–893. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)92448-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Willems F. T., Melnick J. L., Rawls W. E. Viral inhibition of the phytohemagglutinin response of human lymphocytes and application to viral hepatitis. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1969 Feb;130(2):652–661. doi: 10.3181/00379727-130-33628. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Winter G. C., McCarthy C. F., Read A. E., Yoffey J. M. Development of macrophages in phytohaemagglutinin cultures of blood from patients with idiopathic steatorrhoea and with cirrhosis. Br J Exp Pathol. 1967 Feb;48(1):66–80. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Clinical and Experimental Immunology are provided here courtesy of British Society for Immunology

RESOURCES