Abstract
The influence of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3,-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) on non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) relaxations and the possible role of a nerve-derived hyperpolarizing factor in NANC relaxation were investigated in the rat gastric fundus.
ODQ (10−6 and 10−5 M) concentration-dependently inhibited the short-lasting relaxations by NO (2×10−6 M–10−4 M) administered as a bolus without influencing the relaxation by 3×10−8 M isoprenaline. The relaxation by an infusion of NO was reduced to the same extent by 10−6 and 10−5 M ODQ.
The electrically induced short-lasting and sustained relaxations (40 V, 1 ms, 0.5–16 Hz, 10 s trains at 2 min interval or cumulative increase in the frequency every 2 min) in NANC conditions were inhibited to a similar extent by 10−6 and 10−5 M ODQ, and by the NO synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 3×10−4 M).
ODQ (10−6 M) and L-NAME (3×10−4 M), administered after 5, 10 or 20 min of long-term stimulation, reversed the relaxation to a similar extent (approximately 50% at 2 Hz and 20% at 8 Hz).
When the tissues were contracted to 40% of maximum by adapting the concentration of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), the inhibitory effect of 3×10−4 M L-NAME on relaxations induced by train and cumulative stimulation was the same as when tissues were contracted with 3×10−7 M PGF2α.
The findings of this study illustrate that the relaxation by exogenous and endogenous NO in the rat gastric fundus is due to activation of soluble guanylate cyclase. During long-term electrical stimulation, the partial contribution of NO to NANC relaxation is maintained but it is small at higher frequencies of stimulation. Evidence for the contribution of a nerve-derived hyperpolarizing factor to NANC relaxation was not obtained.
Keywords: Gastric fundus, rat, nitrergic neurotransmission, long-term electrical stimulation, ODQ, guanylate cyclase, nerve-derived hyperpolarizing factor
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