Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Environmental Health Perspectives logoLink to Environmental Health Perspectives
. 1982 Apr;44:47–53. doi: 10.1289/ehp.824447

Psychophysical assessment of visual dysfunction.

P M Blough, J S Young
PMCID: PMC1568964  PMID: 7044775

Abstract

Selected psychophysical techniques for nonhuman animals are described. These include operant learning methods and a new reflexive technique that may prove especially efficient. Problems of particular interest for toxicological research include control of the physical stimulus, choice of species, separation of stimulus from attentional effects, response bias, and pre- and post-training efficiency.

Full text

PDF
47

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BLOUGH D. S. A method for obtaining psychophysical thresholds from the pigeon. J Exp Anal Behav. 1958 Jan;1:31–43. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1958.1-31. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Blake R., Di Gianfilippo A. Spatial vision in cats with selective neural deficits. J Neurophysiol. 1980 May;43(5):1197–1205. doi: 10.1152/jn.1980.43.5.1197. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Buckland G., Buckland J., Jamieson C., Ison J. R. Inhibition of startle response to acoustic stimulation produced by visual prestimulation. J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1969 Apr;67(4):493–496. doi: 10.1037/h0027307. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dykstra L. A., Appel J. B. Effects of LSD on auditory perception: a signal detection analysis. Psychopharmacologia. 1974 Feb 6;34(4):289–307. doi: 10.1007/BF00422553. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Evans H. L. Scopolamine effects on visual discrimination: modifications related to stimulus control. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1975 Oct;195(1):105–113. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. HOFFMAN H. S., SEARLE J. L. ACOUSTIC VARIABLES IN THE MODIFICATION OF STARTLE REACTION IN THE RAT. J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1965 Aug;60:53–58. doi: 10.1037/h0022325. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hoffman H. S., Searle J. L. Acoustic and temporal factors in the evocation of startle. J Acoust Soc Am. 1968 Feb;43(2):269–282. doi: 10.1121/1.1910776. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Ison J. R., Hammond G. R. Modification of the startle reflex in the rat by changes in the auditory and visual environments. J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1971 Jun;75(3):435–452. doi: 10.1037/h0030934. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Laties V. G. The role of discriminative stimuli in modulating drug action. Fed Proc. 1975 Aug;34(9):1880–1888. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Marsh R. R., Hoffman H. S., Stitt C. L. Reflex inhibition audiometry. A new objective technique. Acta Otolaryngol. 1978 May-Jun;85(5-6):336–341. doi: 10.3109/00016487809121461. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. McKearney J. W. Rate-dependent effects of drugs: modification by discriminative stimuli of the effects of amobarbital on schedule-controlled behavior. J Exp Anal Behav. 1970 Sep;14(2):167–175. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1970.14-167. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Reiter L. A., Ison J. R. Inhibition of the human eyeblink reflex: an evaluation of the sensitivity of the Wendt-Yerkes method for threshold detection. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1977 May;3(2):325–336. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.3.2.325. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Schwartz G. M., Hoffman H. S., Stitt C. L., Marsh R. R. Modification of the rat's acoustic startle response by antecedent visual stimulation. J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 1976 Jan;2(1):28–37. doi: 10.1037//0097-7403.2.1.28. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Stebbins W. C., Rudy M. C. Behavioral ototoxicology. Environ Health Perspect. 1978 Oct;26:43–51. doi: 10.1289/ehp.782643. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Stitt C. L., Hoffman H. S., Marsh R. R., Schwartz G. M. Modification of the pigeon's visual startle reaction by the sensory environment. J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1976 Jul;90(7):601–619. doi: 10.1037/h0077222. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Stitt C. L., Hoffman H. S., Marsh R., Boskoff K. J. Modification of the rat's startle reaction by an antecedent change in the acoustic environment. J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1974 May;86(5):826–836. doi: 10.1037/h0036419. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Stitt C. L., Hoffman H. S., Marsh R. Modification of the rat's startle reaction by termination of antecedent acoustic signals. J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1973 Jul;84(1):207–215. doi: 10.1037/h0035056. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Environmental Health Perspectives are provided here courtesy of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

RESOURCES