Skip to main content
Plant Physiology logoLink to Plant Physiology
. 1997 Mar;113(3):895–901. doi: 10.1104/pp.113.3.895

Photosynthetic Electron Transport in Single Guard Cells as Measured by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy.

M Tsionsky 1, Z G Cardon 1, A J Bard 1, R B Jackson 1
PMCID: PMC158209  PMID: 12223651

Abstract

Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is a powerful new tool for studying chemical and biological processes. It records changes in faradaic current as a microelectrode ([less than equal]7 [mu]m in diameter) is moved across the surface of a sample. The current varies as a function of both distance from the surface and the surface's chemical and electrical properties. We used SECM to examine in vivo topography and photosynthetic electron transport of individual guard cells in Tradescantia fluminensis, to our knowledge the first such analysis for an intact plant. We measured surface topography at the micrometer level and concentration profiles of O2 evolved in photosynthetic electron transport. Comparison of topography and oxygen profiles above single stomatal complexes clearly showed photosynthetic electron transport in guard cells, as indicated by induction of O2 evolution by photosynthetically active radiation. SECM is unique in its ability to measure topography and chemical fluxes, combining some of the attributes of patch clamping with scanning tunneling microscopy. In this paper we suggest several questions in plant physiology that it might address.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (1.6 MB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bard A. J., Fan F. R., Pierce D. T., Unwin P. R., Wipf D. O., Zhou F. Chemical imaging of surfaces with the scanning electrochemical microscope. Science. 1991 Oct 4;254(5028):68–74. doi: 10.1126/science.254.5028.68. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Cardon Z. G., Berry J. Effects of O(2) and CO(2) Concentration on the Steady-State Fluorescence Yield of Single Guard Cell Pairs in Intact Leaf Discs of Tradescantia albiflora: Evidence for Rubisco-Mediated CO(2) Fixation and Photorespiration in Guard Cells. Plant Physiol. 1992 Jul;99(3):1238–1244. doi: 10.1104/pp.99.3.1238. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Grantz D. A., Graan T., Boyer J. S. Chloroplast Function in Guard Cells of Vicia faba L. : Measurement of the Electrochromic Absorbance Change at 518 nm. Plant Physiol. 1985 Apr;77(4):956–962. doi: 10.1104/pp.77.4.956. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Hansma P. K., Drake B., Marti O., Gould S. A., Prater C. B. The scanning ion-conductance microscope. Science. 1989 Feb 3;243(4891):641–643. doi: 10.1126/science.2464851. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Henriksen G. H., Taylor A. R., Brownlee C., Assmann S. M. Laser microsurgery of higher plant cell walls permits patch-clamp access. Plant Physiol. 1996;110:1063–1068. doi: 10.1104/pp.110.4.1063. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Humble G. D., Hsiao T. C. Specific requirement of potassium for light-activated opening of stomata in epidermal strips. Plant Physiol. 1969 Feb;44(2):230–234. doi: 10.1104/pp.44.2.230. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Melis A., Zeiger E. Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Transients in Mesophyll and Guard Cells : MODULATION OF GUARD CELL PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION BY CO(2). Plant Physiol. 1982 Mar;69(3):642–647. doi: 10.1104/pp.69.3.642. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Mirkin M. V., Fan F. R., Bard A. J. Direct electrochemical measurements inside a 2000 angstrom thick polymer film by scanning electrochemical microscopy. Science. 1992 Jul 17;257(5068):364–366. doi: 10.1126/science.257.5068.364. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Outlaw W. H., Mayne B. C., Zenger V. E., Manchester J. Presence of Both Photosystems in Guard Cells of Vicia faba L: IMPLICATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SIGNAL PROCESSING. Plant Physiol. 1981 Jan;67(1):12–16. doi: 10.1104/pp.67.1.12. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Reckmann U., Scheibe R., Raschke K. Rubisco activity in guard cells compared with the solute requirement for stomatal opening. Plant Physiol. 1990 Jan;92(1):246–253. doi: 10.1104/pp.92.1.246. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Schrempf M., Satter R. L., Galston A. W. Potassium-linked Chloride Fluxes during Rhythmic Leaf Movement of Albizzia julibrissin. Plant Physiol. 1976 Aug;58(2):190–192. doi: 10.1104/pp.58.2.190. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Shimazaki K., Zeiger E. Red Light-Dependent CO(2) Uptake and Oxygen Evolution in Guard Cell Protoplasts of Vicia faba L.: Evidence for Photosynthetic CO(2) Fixation. Plant Physiol. 1987 May;84(1):7–9. doi: 10.1104/pp.84.1.7. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Zeiger E., Armond P., Melis A. Fluorescence Properties of Guard Cell Chloroplasts: EVIDENCE FOR LINEAR ELECTRON TRANSPORT AND LIGHT-HARVESTING PIGMENTS OF PHOTOSYSTEMS I AND II. Plant Physiol. 1981 Jan;67(1):17–20. doi: 10.1104/pp.67.1.17. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Plant Physiology are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES