Abstract
To investigate the catalytic properties of the Brassica oleracea S-locus receptor kinase (SRK), we have expressed the domain that is homologous to protein kinases as a fusion protein in Escherichia coli. Following in vivo labeling of cultures with 32P-labeled inorganic phosphate, we observed phosphorylation of the fusion protein on serine and threonine, but not on tyrosine. In contrast, labeling was not observed when lysine-524, a residue conserved among all protein kinases, was mutated to arginine, thus confirming that SRK phosphorylation was the result of intrinsic serine/threonine kinase activity.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (833.3 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Chou C. K., Dull T. J., Russell D. S., Gherzi R., Lebwohl D., Ullrich A., Rosen O. M. Human insulin receptors mutated at the ATP-binding site lack protein tyrosine kinase activity and fail to mediate postreceptor effects of insulin. J Biol Chem. 1987 Feb 5;262(4):1842–1847. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Crews C. M., Alessandrini A. A., Erikson R. L. Mouse Erk-1 gene product is a serine/threonine protein kinase that has the potential to phosphorylate tyrosine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Oct 1;88(19):8845–8849. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.19.8845. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Denhez F., Heimann B., d'Auriol L., Graf T., Coquillaud M., Coll J., Galibert F., Moelling K., Stehelin D., Ghysdael J. Replacement of lys 622 in the ATP binding domain of P100gag-mil abolishes the in vitro autophosphorylation of the protein and the biological properties of the v-mil oncogene of MH2 virus. EMBO J. 1988 Feb;7(2):541–546. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb02843.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ebina Y., Araki E., Taira M., Shimada F., Mori M., Craik C. S., Siddle K., Pierce S. B., Roth R. A., Rutter W. J. Replacement of lysine residue 1030 in the putative ATP-binding region of the insulin receptor abolishes insulin- and antibody-stimulated glucose uptake and receptor kinase activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Feb;84(3):704–708. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.3.704. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Goring D. R., Rothstein S. J. The S-locus receptor kinase gene in a self-incompatible Brassica napus line encodes a functional serine/threonine kinase. Plant Cell. 1992 Oct;4(10):1273–1281. doi: 10.1105/tpc.4.10.1273. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hanks S. K., Quinn A. M., Hunter T. The protein kinase family: conserved features and deduced phylogeny of the catalytic domains. Science. 1988 Jul 1;241(4861):42–52. doi: 10.1126/science.3291115. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ho S. N., Hunt H. D., Horton R. M., Pullen J. K., Pease L. R. Site-directed mutagenesis by overlap extension using the polymerase chain reaction. Gene. 1989 Apr 15;77(1):51–59. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(89)90358-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kamps M. P., Sefton B. M. Acid and base hydrolysis of phosphoproteins bound to immobilon facilitates analysis of phosphoamino acids in gel-fractionated proteins. Anal Biochem. 1989 Jan;176(1):22–27. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(89)90266-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kamps M. P., Sefton B. M. Neither arginine nor histidine can carry out the function of lysine-295 in the ATP-binding site of p60src. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Mar;6(3):751–757. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.3.751. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lin H. Y., Wang X. F., Ng-Eaton E., Weinberg R. A., Lodish H. F. Expression cloning of the TGF-beta type II receptor, a functional transmembrane serine/threonine kinase. Cell. 1992 Feb 21;68(4):775–785. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90152-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Muñoz-Dorado J., Inouye S., Inouye M. A gene encoding a protein serine/threonine kinase is required for normal development of M. xanthus, a gram-negative bacterium. Cell. 1991 Nov 29;67(5):995–1006. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90372-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith D. B., Johnson K. S. Single-step purification of polypeptides expressed in Escherichia coli as fusions with glutathione S-transferase. Gene. 1988 Jul 15;67(1):31–40. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(88)90005-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stein J. C., Howlett B., Boyes D. C., Nasrallah M. E., Nasrallah J. B. Molecular cloning of a putative receptor protein kinase gene encoded at the self-incompatibility locus of Brassica oleracea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Oct 1;88(19):8816–8820. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.19.8816. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stern D. F., Zheng P., Beidler D. R., Zerillo C. Spk1, a new kinase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, phosphorylates proteins on serine, threonine, and tyrosine. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Feb;11(2):987–1001. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.2.987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tobias C. M., Howlett B., Nasrallah J. B. An Arabidopsis thaliana Gene with Sequence Similarity to the S-Locus Receptor Kinase of Brassica oleracea: Sequence and Expression. Plant Physiol. 1992 May;99(1):284–290. doi: 10.1104/pp.99.1.284. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Walker J. C., Zhang R. Relationship of a putative receptor protein kinase from maize to the S-locus glycoproteins of Brassica. Nature. 1990 Jun 21;345(6277):743–746. doi: 10.1038/345743a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weinmaster G., Zoller M. J., Pawson T. A lysine in the ATP-binding site of P130gag-fps is essential for protein-tyrosine kinase activity. EMBO J. 1986 Jan;5(1):69–76. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04179.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wu J., Rossomando A. J., Her J. H., Del Vecchio R., Weber M. J., Sturgill T. W. Autophosphorylation in vitro of recombinant 42-kilodalton mitogen-activated protein kinase on tyrosine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 1;88(21):9508–9512. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.21.9508. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]