Skip to main content
PMC home page
The Plant Cell logoLink to The Plant Cell
. 1989 May;1(5):515–522. doi: 10.1105/tpc.1.5.515

Mutations in the tobacco mosaic virus 30-kD protein gene overcome Tm-2 resistance in tomato.

T Meshi 1, F Motoyoshi 1, T Maeda 1, S Yoshiwoka 1, H Watanabe 1, Y Okada 1
PMCID: PMC159785  PMID: 2535549

Abstract

A resistance-breaking strain of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Ltb1, is able to multiply in tomatoes with the Tm-2 gene, unlike its parent strain, L. Nucleotide sequence analysis of Ltb1 RNA revealed two amino acid changes in the 30-kD protein: from Cys68 to Phe and from Glu133 to Lys (from L to Ltb1). Strains with these two changes generated in vitro multiplied in tomatoes with the Tm-2 gene and induced essentially the same symptoms as those caused by Ltb1. Strains with either one of the two changes did not overcome the resistance as efficiently as Ltb1, although increased levels of multiplication were observed compared with the L strain. Results showed that both mutations are involved in the resistance-breaking property of Ltb1. Sequence analysis indicated that another resistance-breaking strain and its parent strain had two amino acid changes in the 30-kD protein: from Glu52 to Lys and from Glu133 to Lys. The fact that the amino acid changes occurred in or near the well conserved regions in the 30-kD protein suggests that the mechanism of Tm-2 resistance may be closely related to the fundamental function of the 30-kD protein, presumably in cell-to-cell movement.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (1.6 MB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ahlquist P., French R., Janda M., Loesch-Fries L. S. Multicomponent RNA plant virus infection derived from cloned viral cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Nov;81(22):7066–7070. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.22.7066. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Atabekov J. G., Dorokhov YuL Plant virus-specific transport function and resistance of plants to viruses. Adv Virus Res. 1984;29:313–364. doi: 10.1016/s0065-3527(08)60412-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Deom C. M., Oliver M. J., Beachy R. N. The 30-kilodalton gene product of tobacco mosaic virus potentiates virus movement. Science. 1987 Jul 24;237(4813):389–394. doi: 10.1126/science.237.4813.389. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Ey P. L., Ashman L. K. The use of alkaline phosphatase-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin with immunoblots for determining the specificity of monoclonal antibodies to protein mixtures. Methods Enzymol. 1986;121:497–509. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(86)21050-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Meshi T., Ishikawa M., Takamatsu N., Ohno T., Okada Y. The 5'-terminal sequence of TMV RNA. Question on the polymorphism found in vulgare strain. FEBS Lett. 1983 Oct 17;162(2):282–285. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(83)80772-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Meshi T., Motoyoshi F., Adachi A., Watanabe Y., Takamatsu N., Okada Y. Two concomitant base substitutions in the putative replicase genes of tobacco mosaic virus confer the ability to overcome the effects of a tomato resistance gene, Tm-1. EMBO J. 1988 Jun;7(6):1575–1581. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb02982.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Meshi T., Watanabe Y., Saito T., Sugimoto A., Maeda T., Okada Y. Function of the 30 kd protein of tobacco mosaic virus: involvement in cell-to-cell movement and dispensability for replication. EMBO J. 1987 Sep;6(9):2557–2563. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02544.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Nishiguchi M., Kikuchi S., Kiho Y., Ohno T., Meshi T., Okada Y. Molecular basis of plant viral virulence; the complete nucleotide sequence of an attenuated strain of tobacco mosaic virus. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Aug 12;13(15):5585–5590. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.15.5585. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Ohno T., Aoyagi M., Yamanashi Y., Saito H., Ikawa S., Meshi T., Okada Y. Nucleotide sequence of the tobacco mosaic virus (tomato strain) genome and comparison with the common strain genome. J Biochem. 1984 Dec;96(6):1915–1923. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a135026. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Peattie D. A. Direct chemical method for sequencing RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Apr;76(4):1760–1764. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.4.1760. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Saito T., Meshi T., Takamatsu N., Okada Y. Coat protein gene sequence of tobacco mosaic virus encodes a host response determinant. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Sep;84(17):6074–6077. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.17.6074. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Takamatsu N., Ohno T., Meshi T., Okada Y. Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the 30K and the coat protein cistron of TMV (tomato strain) genome. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Jun 11;11(11):3767–3778. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.11.3767. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Watanabe Y., Kishibayashi N., Motoyoshi F., Okada Y. Characterization of Tm-1 gene action on replication of common isolates and a resistance-breaking isolate of TMV. Virology. 1987 Dec;161(2):527–532. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(87)90147-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Zimmern D., Hunter T. Point mutation in the 30-K open reading frame of TMV implicated in temperature-sensitive assembly and local lesion spreading of mutant Ni 2519. EMBO J. 1983;2(11):1893–1900. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01676.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Plant Cell are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES