Abstract
The absorption of diazepam after rectal administration was studied in children with epilepsy. When given as a solution, diazepam was rapidly absorbed and produced serum diazepam concentrations above 200 ng/ml within 10 minutes in most children. However, a commercial suppository formulation was absorbed slowly and cannot be recommended for urgent treatment of fits. There is a need in the UK for a rapidly absorbed preparation of diazepam which is approved for rectal use.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Agurell S., Berlin A., Ferngren H., Hellström B. Plasma levels of diazepam after parenteral and rectal administration in children. Epilepsia. 1975 Jun;16(2):277–283. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1975.tb06058.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Arnold E. A simple method for determining diazepam and its major metabolites in biological fluids: application in bioavailability studies. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 1975 Apr;36(4):335–352. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1975.tb00801.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dulac O., Aicardi J., Rey E., Olive G. Blood levels of diazepam after single rectal administration in infants and children. J Pediatr. 1978 Dec;93(6):1039–1041. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(78)81254-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ferngren H. G. Diazepam treatment for acute convulsions in children. A report of 41 patients, three with plasma levels. Epilepsia. 1974 Mar;15(1):27–37. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1974.tb03994.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Knudsen F. U. Plasma-diazepam in infants after rectal administration in solution and by suppository. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1977 Sep;66(5):563–567. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1977.tb07947.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Langslet A., Meberg A., Bredesen J. E., Lunde P. K. Plasma concentrations of diazepam and N-desmethyldiazepam in newborn infants after intravenous, intramuscular, rectal and oral administration. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1978 Nov;67(6):699–704. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1978.tb16246.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Meberg A., Langslet A., Bredesen J. E., Lunde P. K. Plasma concentration of diazepam and N-desmethyldiazepam in children after a single rectal or intramuscular dose of diazepam. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1978 Dec 1;14(4):273–276. doi: 10.1007/BF00560461. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rutherford D. M. Rapid micro-method for the measurement of diazepam and desmethyldiazepam in blood plasma by gas-liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr. 1977 Jul 21;137(2):439–448. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)81366-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schwartz D. E., Vecchi M., Ronco A., Kaiser K. Blood levels after administration of 7-chloro-13-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepine-2-one (diazepam) in various forms. Arzneimittelforschung. 1966 Aug;16(8):1109–1110. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Viala A., Cano J. P., Dravet C., Tassinari C. A., Roger J. Blood levels of diazepam (Valium) and N-desmethyl diazepam in the epileptic child. A preliminary report. Psychiatr Neurol Neurochir. 1971 Mar-Apr;74(2):153–158. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]