Abstract
PIC 024-4 and PRO 2000 are naphthalene sulfonate polymers that bind to CD4 with nanomolar affinity and block binding of gp120. Both have activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in H9 cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and primary monocyte/macrophages, are synergistic with zidovudine, and do not inhibit tetanus toxoid-stimulated T-cell proliferation at anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 concentrations.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (186.8 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Arulanandam A. R., Moingeon P., Concino M. F., Recny M. A., Kato K., Yagita H., Koyasu S., Reinherz E. L. A soluble multimeric recombinant CD2 protein identifies CD48 as a low affinity ligand for human CD2: divergence of CD2 ligands during the evolution of humans and mice. J Exp Med. 1993 May 1;177(5):1439–1450. doi: 10.1084/jem.177.5.1439. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Callahan L. N., Phelan M., Mallinson M., Norcross M. A. Dextran sulfate blocks antibody binding to the principal neutralizing domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 without interfering with gp120-CD4 interactions. J Virol. 1991 Mar;65(3):1543–1550. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.3.1543-1550.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chou T. C., Talalay P. Quantitative analysis of dose-effect relationships: the combined effects of multiple drugs or enzyme inhibitors. Adv Enzyme Regul. 1984;22:27–55. doi: 10.1016/0065-2571(84)90007-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Connor R. I., Notermans D. W., Mohri H., Cao Y., Ho D. D. Biological cloning of functionally diverse quasispecies of HIV-1. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jun;9(6):541–546. doi: 10.1089/aid.1993.9.541. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cushman M., Kanamathareddy S., De Clercq E., Schols D., Goldman M. E., Bowen J. A. Synthesis and anti-HIV activities of low molecular weight aurintricarboxylic acid fragments and related compounds. J Med Chem. 1991 Jan;34(1):337–342. doi: 10.1021/jm00105a053. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cushman M., Wang P. L., Chang S. H., Wild C., De Clercq E., Schols D., Goldman M. E., Bowen J. A. Preparation and anti-HIV activities of aurintricarboxylic acid fractions and analogues: direct correlation of antiviral potency with molecular weight. J Med Chem. 1991 Jan;34(1):329–337. doi: 10.1021/jm00105a052. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dalgleish A. G., Beverley P. C., Clapham P. R., Crawford D. H., Greaves M. F., Weiss R. A. The CD4 (T4) antigen is an essential component of the receptor for the AIDS retrovirus. Nature. 1984 Dec 20;312(5996):763–767. doi: 10.1038/312763a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- De Clercq E. Antiviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus infections. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1995 Apr;8(2):200–239. doi: 10.1128/cmr.8.2.200. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Flexner C., Barditch-Crovo P. A., Kornhauser D. M., Farzadegan H., Nerhood L. J., Chaisson R. E., Bell K. M., Lorentsen K. J., Hendrix C. W., Petty B. G. Pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and activity of intravenous dextran sulfate in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1991 Dec;35(12):2544–2550. doi: 10.1128/aac.35.12.2544. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gartner S., Markovits P., Markovitz D. M., Kaplan M. H., Gallo R. C., Popovic M. The role of mononuclear phagocytes in HTLV-III/LAV infection. Science. 1986 Jul 11;233(4760):215–219. doi: 10.1126/science.3014648. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Johnson V. A., Merrill D. P., Videler J. A., Chou T. C., Byington R. E., Eron J. J., D'Aquila R. T., Hirsch M. S. Two-drug combinations of zidovudine, didanosine, and recombinant interferon-alpha A inhibit replication of zidovudine-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 synergistically in vitro. J Infect Dis. 1991 Oct;164(4):646–655. doi: 10.1093/infdis/164.4.646. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klatzmann D., Champagne E., Chamaret S., Gruest J., Guetard D., Hercend T., Gluckman J. C., Montagnier L. T-lymphocyte T4 molecule behaves as the receptor for human retrovirus LAV. Nature. 1984 Dec 20;312(5996):767–768. doi: 10.1038/312767a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lederman S., Bergmann J. E., Cleary A. M., Yellin M. J., Fusco P. J., Chess L. Sulfated polyester interactions with the CD4 molecule and with the third variable loop domain (v3) of gp120 are chemically distinct. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Sep;8(9):1599–1610. doi: 10.1089/aid.1992.8.1599. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Meylan P. R., Kornbluth R. S., Zbinden I., Richman D. D. Influence of host cell type and V3 loop of the surface glycoprotein on susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to polyanion compounds. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1994 Dec;38(12):2910–2916. doi: 10.1128/aac.38.12.2910. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mohan P., Schols D., Baba M., De Clercq E. Sulfonic acid polymers as a new class of human immunodeficiency virus inhibitors. Antiviral Res. 1992 Jun;18(2):139–150. doi: 10.1016/0166-3542(92)90034-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mohan P., Singh R., Baba M. Potential anti-AIDS agents. Synthesis and antiviral activity of naphthalenesulfonic acid derivatives against HIV-1 and HIV-2. J Med Chem. 1991 Jan;34(1):212–217. doi: 10.1021/jm00105a033. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Popovic M., Sarngadharan M. G., Read E., Gallo R. C. Detection, isolation, and continuous production of cytopathic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and pre-AIDS. Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):497–500. doi: 10.1126/science.6200935. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ward L. D. Measurement of ligand binding to proteins by fluorescence spectroscopy. Methods Enzymol. 1985;117:400–414. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(85)17024-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]