Abstract
The MICs of vancomycin and avoparcin were determined for isolates of Enterococcus faecium and isolates of Enterococcus faecalis recovered from the feces of humans and animals in Denmark. Two hundred twenty-one of 376 (59%) isolates of E. faecium and 2 of 133 (1.5%) isolates of E. faecalis were resistant to vancomycin (MICs, 128 to > or = 256 micrograms/ml), and all vancomycin-resistant isolates were resistant to avoparcin (MICs, 64 to > or = 256 micrograms/ml). All vancomycin-resistant isolates examined carried the vanA, vanX, and vanR genes, suggesting that a gene cluster similar to that of the transposon Tn1546 was responsible for the resistance.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (201.6 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Aarestrup F. M. Occurrence of glycopeptide resistance among Enterococcus faecium isolates from conventional and ecological poultry farms. Microb Drug Resist. 1995 Fall;1(3):255–257. doi: 10.1089/mdr.1995.1.255. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Arthur M., Molinas C., Depardieu F., Courvalin P. Characterization of Tn1546, a Tn3-related transposon conferring glycopeptide resistance by synthesis of depsipeptide peptidoglycan precursors in Enterococcus faecium BM4147. J Bacteriol. 1993 Jan;175(1):117–127. doi: 10.1128/jb.175.1.117-127.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bates J., Jordens J. Z., Griffiths D. T. Farm animals as a putative reservoir for vancomycin-resistant enterococcal infection in man. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1994 Oct;34(4):507–514. doi: 10.1093/jac/34.4.507. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Courvalin P. Resistance of enterococci to glycopeptides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1990 Dec;34(12):2291–2296. doi: 10.1128/aac.34.12.2291. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Devriese L. A., Pot B., Collins M. D. Phenotypic identification of the genus Enterococcus and differentiation of phylogenetically distinct enterococcal species and species groups. J Appl Bacteriol. 1993 Nov;75(5):399–408. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1993.tb02794.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dutta G. N., Devriese L. A. Susceptibility of fecal streptococci of poultry origin to nine growth-promoting agents. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1982 Oct;44(4):832–837. doi: 10.1128/aem.44.4.832-837.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Johnson A. P., Uttley A. H., Woodford N., George R. C. Resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin: an emerging clinical problem. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1990 Jul;3(3):280–291. doi: 10.1128/cmr.3.3.280. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klare I., Heier H., Claus H., Böhme G., Marin S., Seltmann G., Hakenbeck R., Antanassova V., Witte W. Enterococcus faecium strains with vanA-mediated high-level glycopeptide resistance isolated from animal foodstuffs and fecal samples of humans in the community. Microb Drug Resist. 1995 Fall;1(3):265–272. doi: 10.1089/mdr.1995.1.265. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klare I., Heier H., Claus H., Reissbrodt R., Witte W. vanA-mediated high-level glycopeptide resistance in Enterococcus faecium from animal husbandry. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1995 Jan 15;125(2-3):165–171. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07353.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Leclercq R., Derlot E., Duval J., Courvalin P. Plasmid-mediated resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin in Enterococcus faecium. N Engl J Med. 1988 Jul 21;319(3):157–161. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198807213190307. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Murray B. E. The life and times of the Enterococcus. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1990 Jan;3(1):46–65. doi: 10.1128/cmr.3.1.46. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sears L. E., Moran L. S., Kissinger C., Creasey T., Perry-O'Keefe H., Roskey M., Sutherland E., Slatko B. E. CircumVent thermal cycle sequencing and alternative manual and automated DNA sequencing protocols using the highly thermostable VentR (exo-) DNA polymerase. Biotechniques. 1992 Oct;13(4):626–633. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]