Abstract
Activities of BAY 12-8039 against 205 pneumococci were tested by agar dilution. MICs (in micrograms per milliliter) at which 50 and 90% of the isolates are inhibited (MIC50s and MIC90s, respectively) were 0.125 and 0.25 (BAY 12-8039), 2.0 and 4.0 (ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin), and 0.25 and 0.5 (sparfloxacin). Beta-lactam MIC50s and MIC90s for penicillin-susceptible, -intermediate, and -resistant strains, in that order, were 0.016 and 0.03, 0.25 and 2.0, and 2.0 and 4.0 (amoxicillin); 0.03 and 0.06, 0.25 and 4.0, and 4.0 and 8.0 (ampicillin); 0.03 and 0.06, 0.5 and 4.0, and 4.0 and 8.0 (cefuroxime); and 0.03 and 0.125, 0.25 and 2.0, and 4.0 and 8.0 (cefpodoxime). At two times their MICs after 24 h, BAY 12-8039, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, and cefuroxime were uniformly bactericidal (99.9% killing) against 12 strains; other compounds were bactericidal at four times their MICs.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (110.8 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Appelbaum P. C. Antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: an overview. Clin Infect Dis. 1992 Jul;15(1):77–83. doi: 10.1093/clinids/15.1.77. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Block S. L., Harrison C. J., Hedrick J. A., Tyler R. D., Smith R. A., Keegan E., Chartrand S. A. Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in acute otitis media: risk factors, susceptibility patterns and antimicrobial management. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1995 Sep;14(9):751–759. doi: 10.1097/00006454-199509000-00005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Breiman R. F., Butler J. C., Tenover F. C., Elliott J. A., Facklam R. R. Emergence of drug-resistant pneumococcal infections in the United States. JAMA. 1994 Jun 15;271(23):1831–1835. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dalhoff A., Petersen U., Endermann R. In vitro activity of BAY 12-8039, a new 8-methoxyquinolone. Chemotherapy. 1996 Nov-Dec;42(6):410–425. doi: 10.1159/000239474. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Doern G. V., Brueggemann A., Holley H. P., Jr, Rauch A. M. Antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae recovered from outpatients in the United States during the winter months of 1994 to 1995: results of a 30-center national surveillance study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 May;40(5):1208–1213. doi: 10.1128/aac.40.5.1208. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Friedland I. R., Istre G. R. Management of penicillin-resistant pneumococcal infections. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1992 Jun;11(6):433–435. doi: 10.1097/00006454-199206000-00002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Friedland I. R., McCracken G. H., Jr Management of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. N Engl J Med. 1994 Aug 11;331(6):377–382. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199408113310607. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jacobs M. R. Treatment and diagnosis of infections caused by drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Clin Infect Dis. 1992 Jul;15(1):119–127. doi: 10.1093/clinids/15.1.119. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McDougal L. K., Facklam R., Reeves M., Hunter S., Swenson J. M., Hill B. C., Tenover F. C. Analysis of multiply antimicrobial-resistant isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1992 Oct;36(10):2176–2184. doi: 10.1128/aac.36.10.2176. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Munoz R., Musser J. M., Crain M., Briles D. E., Marton A., Parkinson A. J., Sorensen U., Tomasz A. Geographic distribution of penicillin-resistant clones of Streptococcus pneumoniae: characterization by penicillin-binding protein profile, surface protein A typing, and multilocus enzyme analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 1992 Jul;15(1):112–118. doi: 10.1093/clinids/15.1.112. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pankuch G. A., Jacobs M. R., Appelbaum P. C. Activity of CP99,219 compared with DU-6859a, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, tosufloxacin, sparfloxacin and grepafloxacin against penicillin-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1995 Jan;35(1):230–232. doi: 10.1093/jac/35.1.230. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pankuch G. A., Jacobs M. R., Appelbaum P. C. Comparative activity of ampicillin, amoxycillin, amoxycillin/clavulanate and cefotaxime against 189 penicillin-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1995 Jun;35(6):883–888. doi: 10.1093/jac/35.6.883. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pankuch G. A., Jacobs M. R., Appelbaum P. C. Study of comparative antipneumococcal activities of penicillin G, RP 59500, erythromycin, sparfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and vancomycin by using time-kill methodology. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1994 Sep;38(9):2065–2072. doi: 10.1128/aac.38.9.2065. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pankuch G. A., Lichtenberger C., Jacobs M. R., Appelbaum P. C. Antipneumococcal activities of RP 59500 (quinupristin-dalfopristin), penicillin G, erythromycin, and sparfloxacin determined by MIC and rapid time-kill methodologies. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Jul;40(7):1653–1656. doi: 10.1128/aac.40.7.1653. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Spangler S. K., Jacobs M. R., Appelbaum P. C. Susceptibilities of penicillin-susceptible and -resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae to RP 59500, vancomycin, erythromycin, PD 131628, sparfloxacin, temafloxacin, win 57273, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1992 Apr;36(4):856–859. doi: 10.1128/aac.36.4.856. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Spangler S. K., Jacobs M. R., Pankuch G. A., Appelbaum P. C. Susceptibility of 170 penicillin-susceptible and penicillin-resistant pneumococci to six oral cephalosporins, four quinolones, desacetylcefotaxime, Ro 23-9424 and RP 67829. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1993 Feb;31(2):273–280. doi: 10.1093/jac/31.2.273. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wakabayashi E., Mitsuhashi S. In vitro antibacterial activity of AM-1155, a novel 6-fluoro-8-methoxy quinolone. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1994 Mar;38(3):594–601. doi: 10.1128/aac.38.3.594. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wise R., Ashby J. P., Andrews J. M. In vitro activity of PD 127,391, an enhanced-spectrum quinolone. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1988 Aug;32(8):1251–1256. doi: 10.1128/aac.32.8.1251. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Woodcock J. M., Andrews J. M., Boswell F. J., Brenwald N. P., Wise R. In vitro activity of BAY 12-8039, a new fluoroquinolone. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997 Jan;41(1):101–106. doi: 10.1128/aac.41.1.101. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]