Skip to main content
American Journal of Public Health logoLink to American Journal of Public Health
. 1984 Jul;74(7):725–726. doi: 10.2105/ajph.74.7.725

National survey on outbreaks associated with whirlpool spas.

K C Spitalny, R L Vogt, L E Witherell
PMCID: PMC1651681  PMID: 6742261

Abstract

A national survey of state epidemiologists sought information on reported outbreaks of illness associated with non-residential whirlpool spas for the period April 1972-July 1, 1982. Reports were received from 49 states. Of the 74 whirlpool-associated outbreaks reported, 72 were characterized as having patients with papular or pustular rash and two were associated with cases of Pontiac fever.

Full text

PDF

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Gustafson T. L., Band J. D., Hutcheson R. H., Jr, Schaffner W. Pseudomonas folliculitis: an outbreak and review. Rev Infect Dis. 1983 Jan-Feb;5(1):1–8. doi: 10.1093/clinids/5.1.1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Jacobson J. A., Hoadley A. W., Farmer J. J., 3rd Pseudomonas aeruginosa serogroup 11 and pool-associated skin rash. Am J Public Health. 1976 Nov;66(11):1092–1093. doi: 10.2105/ajph.66.11.1092. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Khabbaz R. F., McKinley T. W., Goodman R. A., Hightower A. W., Highsmith A. K., Tait K. A., Band J. D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype 0:9. New cause of whirlpool-associated dermatitis. Am J Med. 1983 Jan;74(1):73–77. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(83)91121-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Kush B. J., Hoadley A. W. A preliminary survey of the association of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with commercial whirlpool bath waters. Am J Public Health. 1980 Mar;70(3):279–281. doi: 10.2105/ajph.70.3.279. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Sausker W. F., Aeling J. L., Fitzpatrick J. E., Judson F. N. Pseudomonas folliculitis acquired from a health spa whirlpool. JAMA. 1978 Jun 2;239(22):2362–2365. doi: 10.1001/jama.239.22.2362. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Vogt R., LaRue D., Parry M. F., Brokopp C. D., Klaucke D., Allen J. Pseudomonas aeruginosa skin infections in persons using a whirlpool in Vermont. J Clin Microbiol. 1982 Apr;15(4):571–574. doi: 10.1128/jcm.15.4.571-574.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Washburn J., Jacobson J. A., Marston E., Thorsen B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa rash associated with a whirlpool. JAMA. 1976 May 17;235(20):2205–2207. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Zacherle B. J., Silver D. S. Hot tub folliculitis: a clinical syndrome. West J Med. 1982 Sep;137(3):191–194. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from American Journal of Public Health are provided here courtesy of American Public Health Association

RESOURCES