Abstract
In the driven isolated left atrium of the rabbit theophylline shortened relaxation time in a similar manner to isoprenaline and histamine. 2 Phenylephrine lengthened relaxation time in a similar manner to calcium. 3 Theophylline caused phenylephrine to shorten relaxation time, which was inhibited by a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug, but theophylline did not potentiate the effect of phenylephrine on peak tension. 4 Theophylline separated drug effects on cardiac relaxation and contraction: in the presence of theophylline at a low calcium concentration, phenylephrine shortened relaxation time by beta-adrenoceptor stimulation and increased peak tension by alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation. At a high calcium concentration, theophylline potentiated the effect of isoprenaline, histamine and phenylephrine on relaxation time but inhibited the effect on peak tension.
Full text
PDF






Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Benfey B. G. Characterization of -adrenoceptors in the myocardium. Br J Pharmacol. 1973 May;48(1):132–138. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1973.tb08230.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Benfey B. G. Lack of relationship between myocardial cyclic AMP concentrations and inotropic effects of sympathomimetic amines. Br J Pharmacol. 1971 Dec;43(4):757–763. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1971.tb07211.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Birnbaum J. E., Abel P. W., Amidon G. L., Buckner C. K. Changes in mechanical events and adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate levels induced by enantiomers of isoproterenol in isolated rat atria and uteri. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1975 Aug;194(2):396–409. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Blinks J. R., Olson C. B., Jewell B. R., Bravený P. Influence of caffeine and other methylxanthines on mechanical properties of isolated mammalian heart muscle. Evidence for a dual mechanism of action. Circ Res. 1972 Apr;30(4):367–392. doi: 10.1161/01.res.30.4.367. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bodem R., Sonnenblick E. H. Mechanical activity of mammalian heart muscle: variable onset, species differences, and the effect of caffeine. Am J Physiol. 1975 Jan;228(1):250–261. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1975.228.1.250. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- DEGUBAREFF T., SLEATOR W., Jr EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE ON MAMMALIAN ATRIAL MUSCLE, AND ITS INTERACTION WITH ADENOSINE AND CALCIUM. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1965 May;148:202–214. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Goldberg N. D., Haddox M. K., Nicol S. E., Glass D. B., Sanford C. H., Kuehl F. A., Jr, Estensen R. Biologic regulation through opposing influences of cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP: the Yin Yang hypothesis. Adv Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 1975;5:307–330. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Goldberg N. D., O'Dea R. F., Haddox M. K. Cyclic GMP. Adv Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 1973;3:155–223. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hamakawa H., Shimizu T., Toda N. Interactions of phenylephrine and theophylline in contractility and excitability of isolated rabbit left atria. Jpn J Pharmacol. 1973 Jun;23(3):373–379. doi: 10.1254/jjp.23.373. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hardman J. G., Sutherland E. W. Guanyl cyclase, an enzyme catalyzing the formation of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate from guanosine trihosphate. J Biol Chem. 1969 Dec 10;244(23):6363–6370. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Henderson A. H., Brutsaert D. L., Forman R., Sonnenblick E. H. Influence of caffeine on force development and force-frequency relations in cat and rat heart muscle. Cardiovasc Res. 1974 Mar;8(2):162–172. doi: 10.1093/cvr/8.2.162. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Katz A. M., Tada M., Kirchberger M. A. Control of calcium transport in the myocardium by the cyclic AMP-Protein kinase system. Adv Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 1975;5:453–472. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kavaler F., Morad M. Paradoxical effects of epinephrine on excitation-contraction coupling in cardiac muscle. Circ Res. 1966 May;18(5):492–501. doi: 10.1161/01.res.18.5.492. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kukovetz W. R., Pöch G. The positive inotropic effect of cyclic AMP. Adv Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 1972;1:261–290. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kukovetz W. R., Pöch G., Wurm A. Effect of catecholamines, histamine and oxyfedrine on isotonic contraction and cyclic AMP in the guinea-pig heart. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1973;278(4):403–424. doi: 10.1007/BF00501483. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kukovetz W. R., Pöch G., Wurm A. Quantitative relations between cyclic AMP and contraction as affected by stimulators of adenylate cyclase and inhibitors of phosphodiesterase. Adv Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 1975;5:395–414. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laraia P. J., Reddy W. Hormonal regulation of myocardial adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Apr 1;177(2):189–195. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(69)90127-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Marcus M. L., Skelton C. L., Grauer L. E., Epstein S. E. Effects of theophylline on myocardial mechanics. Am J Physiol. 1972 Jun;222(6):1361–1365. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1972.222.6.1361. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McNeill J. H., Coutinho F. E., Verma S. C. Lack of interaction between norepinephrine or histamine and theophylline on cardiac cyclic AMP. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1974 Dec;52(6):1095–1101. doi: 10.1139/y74-143. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Morad M., Rolett E. L. Relaxing effects of catecholamines on mammalian heart. J Physiol. 1972 Aug;224(3):537–558. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1972.sp009912. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nayler W. G., Dunnett J., Berry D. The calcium accumulating activity of subcellular fractions isolated from rat and guinea pig heart muscle. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1975 Apr;7(4):275–288. doi: 10.1016/0022-2828(75)90085-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Osnes J., Oye I. Relationship between cyclic AMP metabolism and inotropic response of perfused rat hearts to phenylephrine and other adrenergic amines. Adv Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 1975;5:415–433. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Picken G. M., Jarrott B. Cardiac adenylate cyclase. II. Structure-activity relationships for the activation of rat ventricle adenylate cyclase by beta-adrenoceptor agonists. Biochem Pharmacol. 1975 Dec 15;24(24):2255–2261. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(75)90263-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- RALL T. W., WEST T. C. The potentiation of cardiac inotropic responses to norepinephrine by theophylline. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1963 Mar;139:269–274. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- REITER M., SCHOEBER H. G. DIE POSITIV INOTROPE ADRENALINWIRKUNG AUF DEN MEERSCHWEINCHEN-PAPILLARMUSKEL BEI VARIATION DER AEUSSEREN CALCIUM- UND NATRIUMKONZENTRATION. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Exp Pathol Pharmakol. 1965 Feb 2;250:9–20. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SUTHERLAND E. W., RALL T. W. Fractionation and characterization of a cyclic adenine ribonucleotide formed by tissue particles. J Biol Chem. 1958 Jun;232(2):1077–1091. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Scholz H., de Yazikof E. Uber den mechanismus der positiv inotropen Wirkung von Theophyllin am Warmblüterherzen. I. Einfluss der extracellulären Ca-, Na- und K-Konzentration und von Reserpin. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmakol. 1971;271(4):374–395. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shine K. I., Langer G. A. Caffeine effects upon contraction and calcium exchange in rabbit myocardium. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1971 Dec;3(3):255–270. doi: 10.1016/0022-2828(71)90045-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Skelton C. L., Karch F. E., Hougen T. J., Marcus M. L., Epstein S. E. Potentiation of the inotropic effects of norepinephrine and dibutyryl cyclic AMP by theophylline. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1971 Dec;3(3):243–253. doi: 10.1016/0022-2828(71)90044-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thyrum P. T. Inotropic stimuli and systolic transmembrane calcium flow in depolarized guinea-pig atria. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1974 Jan;188(1):166–179. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Watanabe A. M., Besch H. R., Jr Interaction between cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic gunaosine monophosphate in guinea pig ventricular myocardium. Circ Res. 1975 Sep;37(3):309–317. doi: 10.1161/01.res.37.3.309. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yanaga T., Holland W. C. Effect of manganese on transmembrane potential and contractility of atrial muscle. Am J Physiol. 1969 Nov;217(5):1280–1285. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1969.217.5.1280. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]