Skip to main content
NCBI home page
British Journal of Pharmacology logoLink to British Journal of Pharmacology
. 1979 Feb;65(2):205–213. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1979.tb07820.x

Prevention and reversal of isolation-induced systolic arterial hypertension in rats by treatment with beta-adrenoceptor antagonists.

T Bennett, S M Gardiner
PMCID: PMC1668621  PMID: 32946

Abstract

1. Rats were made hypertensive by 5 days of continuous isolation in glass metabolic cages; in the text "hypertensive" means having a systolic blood pressure greater than 145 mmHg. 2. Daily intraperitoneal injections of either propranolol (5 mg/kg) or atenolol (5 mg/kg) reduced systolic blood pressure within 3 days and the systolic blood pressure remained low provided that the treatment was continued. 3. Treatment with metoprolol also lowered the systolic blood pressure of isolated rats but only when a larger dose (10 mg/kg) was given. 4. Systolic blood pressure returned to hypertensive levels following withdrawal of treatment after 15 days of isolation. However, following cessation of treatment after 27 days of isolation, the systolic blood pressure did not rise. 5. Rats given propranolol in the drinking water (intake equivalent to a daily dose of 5 mg/kg) before and during isolation did not develop hypertension. 6. The possibility that suppression of sympathetic function by the beta-adrenoceptor antagonists was responsible for these changes is discussed.

Full text

PDF
205

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ablad B., Carlsson E., Dahlof C., Ek L. Some aspects of the pharmacology of beta-adrenorecptor blockers. Drugs. 1976;11(Suppl 1):100–111. doi: 10.2165/00003495-197600111-00025. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Amer M. S. Mechanism of action of beta-blockers in hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol. 1977 Feb 1;26(3):171–175. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(77)90298-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bengtsson C. Comparison between metoprolol and propranolol as antihypertensive agents. A double-blind cross-over study. Acta Med Scand. 1976;199(1-2):71–74. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1976.tb06693.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bennett T., Gardiner S. M. Corticosteroid involvement in the changes in noradrenergic responsiveness of tissues from rats made hypertensive by short-term isolation. Br J Pharmacol. 1978 Sep;64(1):129–136. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1978.tb08649.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bennett T., Gardiner S. M. Reversal of 6-hydroxydopamine-induced hypotension in the rat without activation of the renin-angiotensin system. J Physiol. 1978 Jun;279:1–16. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1978.sp012327. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Buñag R. D. Propranolol in DOCA hypertensive rats: development of hypertension inhibited and pressor responsiveness enhanced. Eur J Pharmacol. 1977 Jun 15;43(4):323–331. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(77)90038-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Bühler F. R., Burkart F., Lütold B. E., Küng M., Marbet G., Pfisterer M. Antihypertensive beta blocking action as related to renin and age: a pharmacologic tool to identify pathogenetic mechanisms in essential hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 1975 Oct 31;36(5):653–669. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(75)90168-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Conway J., Darwin K., Hilditch A., Loveday B., Reeves M. Effect of propranolol on blood pressure in normal and hypertensive rats. Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl. 1975 Jun;2:101s–103s. doi: 10.1042/cs048101s. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. De Plaen J. F., Amery A., Reybrouck T. Comparative potency of atenolol and propranolol as beta-adrenergic blocking agents in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1976 Sep 30;10(5):297–303. doi: 10.1007/BF00565617. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Dusting G. J., Rand M. J. An antihypertensive action of propranolol in DOCA/salt-treated rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1974 Jan-Feb;1(1):87–98. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.1974.tb00530.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Farmer J. B., Levy G. P. A comparison of some cardiovascular properties of propranolol, MJ 1999 and quinidine in relation to their effects in hypertensive animals. Br J Pharmacol. 1968 Sep;34(1):116–126. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1968.tb07955.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Fernandes M., Onesti G., Fiorentini R., Gould A. B., Kim K. E., Swartz C. Effect of propranolol on blood pressure and renin in renal hypertension in the rat. Clin Sci Mol Med. 1977 Jan;52(1):107–109. doi: 10.1042/cs0520107. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Frohlich E. D., Pfeffer M. A. Adrenergic mechanisms in human hypertension and in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl. 1975 Jun;2:225s–238s. doi: 10.1042/cs048225s. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Gardiner S. M., Bennett T. The effects of short-term isolation on systolic blood pressure and heart rate in rats. Med Biol. 1977 Dec;55(6):325–329. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Garvey H. L., Ram N. Comparative antihypertensive effects and tissue distribution of beta adrenergic blocking drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1975 Jul;194(1):220–233. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Hansson L., Westerlund A., Aberg H., Karlberg B. E. A comparison of the antihypertensive effect of atenolol (ICI 66 082) and propranolol. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1976 Mar 22;09(5-6):361–365. doi: 10.1007/BF00606549. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Hollifield J. W., Sherman K., Zwagg R. V., Shand D. G. Proposed mechanisms of propranolol's antihypertensive effect in essential hypertension. N Engl J Med. 1976 Jul 8;295(2):68–73. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197607082950203. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Johnsson G. Influence of metoprolol and propranolol on hemodynamic effects induced by adrenaline and physical work. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 1975;36(Suppl 5):59–68. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1975.tb03322.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Johnsson G., Regårdh C. G. Clinical pharmacokinetics of beta-adrenoreceptors blockers. Drugs. 1976;11(Suppl 1):111–121. doi: 10.2165/00003495-197600111-00026. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Leenen F. H., Ackerman E. W. Effects of propranolol on development and maintanance of severe renal hypertension in rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1976 Nov-Dec;3(6):575–586. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.1976.tb00639.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Leszkovszky G., Tardos L. Some effects of propranolol on the central nervous system. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1965 Aug;17(8):518–519. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1965.tb07715.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Levy J. V. Beta-adrenergic receptor blocking drugs in spontaneous hypertension. Am J Med. 1976 Nov;61(5):779–789. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(76)90159-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Lewis P. The essential action of propranolol in hypertension. Am J Med. 1976 May 31;60(6):837–852. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(76)90904-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Ljung B., Ablad B., Drews L., Fellenius E., Kjellstedt A., Wallborg M. Anti-hypertensive effect of metoprolol in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl. 1976 Dec;3:443S–445S. doi: 10.1042/cs051443s. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Nakao K., Kato H., Takagi K. Effects of beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents on blood pressure in conscious hypertensive rats. Jpn J Pharmacol. 1975 Feb;25(1):25–34. doi: 10.1254/jjp.25.25. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Niarchos A. P., Gulati O. P., Carretero O. A. Effects of propranolol on the development of renovascular hypertension in the rat. Am Heart J. 1977 Jul;94(1):81–86. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8703(77)80347-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Perhach J. L., Jr, Ferguson H. C., McKinney G. R. Evaluation of antihypertensive agents in the stress-induced hypertensive rat. Life Sci. 1975 Jun 1;16(11):1731–1736. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(75)90058-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Petrie J. C., Jeffers T. A., Webster J. Atenolol in hypertension. Am Heart J. 1977 Mar;93(3):407–408. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8703(77)80263-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Prichard N. C. Beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs and their use in hypertension. S Afr Med J. 1976 Nov 6;50(47):1902–1909. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Raine A. E., Chubb I. W. Long term beta-adrenergic blockade reduces tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine beta-hydroxylase activities in sympathetic ganglia. Nature. 1977 May 19;267(5608):265–267. doi: 10.1038/267265a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Raine A. E., Pickering T. G. Cardiovascular and sympathetic response to exercise after long-term beta-adrenergic blockade. Br Med J. 1977 Jul 9;2(6079):90–92. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.6079.90. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Roba J., Lambelin G., De Schaepdryver A. F. Antihypertensive activity of four blocking agents in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1972 Nov;200(1):182–190. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Weiss L., Lundgren Y., Folkow B. Effects of prolonged treatment with adrenergic beta-receptor antagonists on blood pressure, cardiovascular design and reactivity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Acta Physiol Scand. 1974 Aug;91(4):447–457. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1974.tb05701.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from British Journal of Pharmacology are provided here courtesy of The British Pharmacological Society

RESOURCES