Skip to main content
Applied and Environmental Microbiology logoLink to Applied and Environmental Microbiology
. 1997 Sep;63(9):3637–3642. doi: 10.1128/aem.63.9.3637-3642.1997

Cell surface properties of organic solvent-tolerant mutants of Escherichia coli K-12.

R Aono 1, H Kobayashi 1
PMCID: PMC168671  PMID: 9293016

Abstract

In this study, we examined cell surface properties of mutants of Escherichia coli for which organic solvent tolerance levels were elevated. The cell surface of each mutant was less hydrophobic than that of the parent, probably due to an increase in lipopolysaccharide content. OmpF synthesis was repressed in the mutants. Organic solvent bound readily to viable E. coli cells in response to the polarity of the solvent. The mutants were bound less abundantly with the organic solvent than was the parent.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (1.7 MB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Achtman M., Mercer A., Kusecek B., Pohl A., Heuzenroeder M., Aaronson W., Sutton A., Silver R. P. Six widespread bacterial clones among Escherichia coli K1 isolates. Infect Immun. 1983 Jan;39(1):315–335. doi: 10.1128/iai.39.1.315-335.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Aono R. Envelope alteration of Escherichia coli HB101 carrying pEAP31 caused by Kil peptide and its involvement in the extracellular release of periplasmic penicillinase from an alkaliphilic Bacillus. Biochem J. 1991 May 1;275(Pt 3):545–553. doi: 10.1042/bj2750545. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Aono R., Kobayashi M., Nakajima H., Kobayashi H. A close correlation between improvement of organic solvent tolerance levels and alteration of resistance toward low levels of multiple antibiotics in Escherichia coli. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1995 Feb;59(2):213–218. doi: 10.1271/bbb.59.213. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Asako H., Nakajima H., Kobayashi K., Kobayashi M., Aono R. Organic solvent tolerance and antibiotic resistance increased by overexpression of marA in Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1997 Apr;63(4):1428–1433. doi: 10.1128/aem.63.4.1428-1433.1997. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Favre-Bulle O., Schouten T., Kingma J., Witholt B. Bioconversion of n-octane to octanoic acid by a recombinant Escherichia coli cultured in a two-liquid phase bioreactor. Biotechnology (N Y) 1991 Apr;9(4):367–371. doi: 10.1038/nbt0491-367. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Filip C., Fletcher G., Wulff J. L., Earhart C. F. Solubilization of the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli by the ionic detergent sodium-lauryl sarcosinate. J Bacteriol. 1973 Sep;115(3):717–722. doi: 10.1128/jb.115.3.717-722.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Francavilla A., Di Leo A., Polimeno L., Conte D., Barone M., Fanizza G., Chiumarulo C., Rizzo G., Rubino M. Nuclear and cytosolic estrogen receptors in human colon carcinoma and in surrounding noncancerous colonic tissue. Gastroenterology. 1987 Dec;93(6):1301–1306. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(87)90259-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hall M. N., Silhavy T. J. Genetic analysis of the ompB locus in Escherichia coli K-12. J Mol Biol. 1981 Sep 5;151(1):1–15. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90218-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hasegawa Y., Yamada H., Mizushima S. Interactions of outer membrane proteins O-8 and O-9 with peptidoglycan sacculus of Escherichia coli K-12. J Biochem. 1976 Dec;80(6):1401–1409. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a131413. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Ingram L. O. Changes in lipid composition of Escherichia coli resulting from growth with organic solvents and with food additives. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1977 May;33(5):1233–1236. doi: 10.1128/aem.33.5.1233-1236.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Inouye S., Wang S., Sekizawa J., Halegoua S., Inouye M. Amino acid sequence for the peptide extension on the prolipoprotein of the Escherichia coli outer membrane. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Mar;74(3):1004–1008. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.3.1004. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Isken S., de Bont J. A. Active efflux of toluene in a solvent-resistant bacterium. J Bacteriol. 1996 Oct;178(20):6056–6058. doi: 10.1128/jb.178.20.6056-6058.1996. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Jackson R. W., DeMoss J. A. Effects of toluene on Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1965 Nov;90(5):1420–1425. doi: 10.1128/jb.90.5.1420-1425.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kingsman A. J., Clarke L., Mortimer R. K., Carbon J. Replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae of plasmid pBR313 carrying DNA from the yeast trpl region. Gene. 1979 Oct;7(2):141–152. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(79)90029-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. LURIA S. E., BURROUS J. W. Hybridization between Escherichia coli and Shigella. J Bacteriol. 1957 Oct;74(4):461–476. doi: 10.1128/jb.74.4.461-476.1957. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Li L., Komatsu T., Inoue A., Horikoshi K. A toluene-tolerant mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lacking the outer membrane protein F. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1995 Dec;59(12):2358–2359. doi: 10.1271/bbb.59.2358. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Makin S. A., Beveridge T. J. The influence of A-band and B-band lipopolysaccharide on the surface characteristics and adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to surfaces. Microbiology. 1996 Feb;142(Pt 2):299–307. doi: 10.1099/13500872-142-2-299. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Nakajima H., Kobayashi K., Kobayashi M., Asako H., Aono R. Overexpression of the robA gene increases organic solvent tolerance and multiple antibiotic and heavy metal ion resistance in Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1995 Jun;61(6):2302–2307. doi: 10.1128/aem.61.6.2302-2307.1995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Nikaido H., Rosenberg E. Y., Foulds J. Porin channels in Escherichia coli: studies with beta-lactams in intact cells. J Bacteriol. 1983 Jan;153(1):232–240. doi: 10.1128/jb.153.1.232-240.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Pinkart H. C., Wolfram J. W., Rogers R., White D. C. Cell Envelope Changes in Solvent-Tolerant and Solvent-Sensitive Pseudomonas putida Strains following Exposure to o-Xylene. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1996 Mar;62(3):1129–1132. doi: 10.1128/aem.62.3.1129-1132.1996. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Sikkema J., de Bont J. A., Poolman B. Interactions of cyclic hydrocarbons with biological membranes. J Biol Chem. 1994 Mar 18;269(11):8022–8028. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Sikkema J., de Bont J. A., Poolman B. Mechanisms of membrane toxicity of hydrocarbons. Microbiol Rev. 1995 Jun;59(2):201–222. doi: 10.1128/mr.59.2.201-222.1995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. WEISSBACH A., HURWITZ J. The formation of 2-keto-3-deoxyheptonic acid in extracts of Escherichia coli B. I. Identification. J Biol Chem. 1959 Apr;234(4):705–709. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Woldringh C. L. Effects of toluene and phenethyl alcohol on the ultrastructure of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1973 Jun;114(3):1359–1361. doi: 10.1128/jb.114.3.1359-1361.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. de Smet M. J., Kingma J., Witholt B. The effect of toluene on the structure and permeability of the outer and cytoplasmic membranes of Escherichia coli. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Jan 4;506(1):64–80. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(78)90435-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Applied and Environmental Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES