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. 1993 Feb;83(2):201–206. doi: 10.2105/ajph.83.2.201

Health education for pregnant smokers: its behavioral impact and cost benefit.

R A Windsor 1, J B Lowe 1, L L Perkins 1, D Smith-Yoder 1, L Artz 1, M Crawford 1, K Amburgy 1, N R Boyd Jr 1
PMCID: PMC1694576  PMID: 8427323

Abstract

OBJECTIVES. A randomized trial (the Birmingham Trial II) was conducted to evaluate the behavioral impact of health education methods among 814 female smokers at four public health maternity clinics. METHODS. Four hundred patients were randomly assigned to an Experimental (E) Group, and 414 were assigned to a Control (C) Group. Self-reports and saliva cotinine tests confirmed smoking status at the first visit, at midpregnancy, and at end of pregnancy. RESULTS. The E Group exhibited a 14.3% quit rate and the C Group an 8.5% quit rate. A Historical Comparison (C) Group exhibited a 3.0% quit rate. Black E and C Group patients had higher quit rates than White E and C Group patients. A cost-benefit analysis found cost-to-benefit ratios of $1:$6.72 (low estimate) and $1:$17.18 (high estimate) and an estimated savings of $247,296 (low estimate) and $699,240 (high estimate). CONCLUSION. Health education methods are efficacious and cost beneficial for pregnant smokers in public health maternity clinics.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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