Skip to main content
PMC home page
The Canadian Veterinary Journal logoLink to The Canadian Veterinary Journal
. 1975 May;16(5):125–141.

Mycotoxins of possible importance in diseases of Canadian farm animals.

J Harwig, I C Munro
PMCID: PMC1696886  PMID: 1095174

Full text

PDF
125

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Armbrecht B. H. Aflatoxin residues in food and feed derived from plant and animal sources. Residue Rev. 1972;41:13–54. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-8479-7_2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bristol F. M., Djurickovic S. Hyperestrogenism in female swine as the result of feeding mouldy corn. Can Vet J. 1971 Jun;12(6):132–135. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Burfening P. J. Ergotism. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Dec 1;163(11):1288–1290. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Burmeister H. R., Ellis J. J., Hesseltine C. W. Survey for fusaria that elaborate T-2 toxin. Appl Microbiol. 1972 Jun;23(6):1165–1166. doi: 10.1128/am.23.6.1165-1166.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Burmeister H. R. T-2 toxin production by Fusarium tricinctum on solid substrate. Appl Microbiol. 1971 Apr;21(4):739–742. doi: 10.1128/am.21.4.739-742.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Caldwell R. W., Tuite J., Stob M., Baldwin R. Zearalenone production by Fusarium species. Appl Microbiol. 1970 Jul;20(1):31–34. doi: 10.1128/am.20.1.31-34.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Carlton W. W., Tuite J., Caldwell R. Penicillium viridicatum toxins and mold nephrosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Dec 1;163(11):1295–1297. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Choudhurv H., Carlson C. W., Semeniuk G. A study of ochratoxin toxicity in hens. Poult Sci. 1971 Nov;50(6):1855–1859. doi: 10.3382/ps.0501855. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Christensen C. M., Nelson G. H., Mirocha C. J. Effect on the white rat uterus of a toxic substance isolated from Fusarium. Appl Microbiol. 1965 Sep;13(5):653–659. doi: 10.1128/am.13.5.653-659.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Chu F. S., Chang C. C. Sensitivity of chicks to ochratoxins. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1971 Sep;54(5):1032–1034. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Chu F. S. Studies on ochratoxins. CRC Crit Rev Toxicol. 1974 Jan;2(4):499–524. doi: 10.3109/10408447309025706. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Ciegler A., Fennell D. J., Mintzlaff H. J., Leistner L. Ochratoxin synthesis by Penicillium species. Naturwissenschaften. 1972 Aug;59(8):365–366. doi: 10.1007/BF00617916. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Ciegler A., Kurtzman C. P. Fluorodensitometric assay of penicillic acid. J Chromatogr. 1970 Sep 23;51(3):511–516. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)96898-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ciegler A., Kurtzman C. P. Penicillic acid production by blue-eye fungi on various agricultural commodities. Appl Microbiol. 1970 Nov;20(5):761–764. doi: 10.1128/am.20.5.761-764.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Ciegler A., Mintzlaff H. J., Weisleder D., Leistner L. Potential production and detoxification of penicillic acid in mold-fermented sausage (salami). Appl Microbiol. 1972 Jul;24(1):114–119. doi: 10.1128/am.24.1.114-119.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Crump M. H. Slaframine (slobber factor) toxicosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Dec 1;163(11):1300–1302. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. DICKENS F., COOKE J. RATES OF HYDROLYSIS AND INTERACTION WITH CYSTEINE OF SOME CARCINOGENIC LACTONES AND RELATED SUBSTANCES. Br J Cancer. 1965 Jun;19:404–410. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1965.48. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. DICKENS F., JONES H. E. Carcinogenic activity of a series of reactive lactones and related substances. Br J Cancer. 1961 Mar;15:85–100. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1961.10. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Damodaran C., Ramadoss C. S., Shanmugasundaram E. R. A rapid procedure for the isolation, identification and estimation of citrinin. Anal Biochem. 1973 Apr;52(2):482–488. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(73)90052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Edds G. T. Acute aflatoxicosis: a review. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Feb 15;162(4):304–309. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Ellison R. A., Kotsonis F. N. T-2 toxin as an emetic factor in moldy corn. Appl Microbiol. 1973 Oct;26(4):540–543. doi: 10.1128/am.26.4.540-543.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Eppley R. M., Stoloff L., Trucksess M. W., Chung C. W. Survey of corn for Fusarium toxins. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1974 May;57(3):632–635. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Feuell A. J. Toxic factors of mould origin. Can Med Assoc J. 1966 Mar 19;94(12):574–581. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Fischbach H., Rodricks J. V. Current efforts of the Food and Drug Administration to control mycotoxins in food. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1973 May;56(3):767–770. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Friis P., Hasselager E., Krogh P. Isolation of citrinin and oxalic acid from Penicillium viridicatum Westling and their nephrotoxicity in rats and pigs. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1969;77(3):559–560. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1969.tb04263.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Gardner H. K., Jr, Koltun S. P., Dollear F. G., Rayner E. T. Inactivation of aflatoxins in peanut and cottonseed meals by ammoniation. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 1971 Feb;48(2):70–73. doi: 10.1007/BF02635688. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Grant D. W., Carlson F. W. Partitioning behavior of aflatoxin M in dairy products. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1971 Nov-Dec;6(6):521–524. doi: 10.1007/BF01796859. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Hayes A. W., Hood R. D., Lee H. L. Teratogenic effects of ochratoxin A in mice. Teratology. 1974 Feb;9(1):93–97. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420090112. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Hesseltine C. W., Vandegraft E. E., Fennell D. I., Smith M. L., Shotwell O. L. Aspergilli as ochratoxin producers. Mycologia. 1972 May-Jun;64(3):539–550. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Hsu I. C., Smalley E. B., Strong F. M., Ribelin W. E. Identification of T-2 toxin in moldy corn associated with a lethal toxicosis in dairy cattle. Appl Microbiol. 1972 Nov;24(5):684–690. doi: 10.1128/am.24.5.684-690.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. JEFFERYS E. G. The stability of antibiotics in soils. J Gen Microbiol. 1952 Nov;7(3-4):295–312. doi: 10.1099/00221287-7-3-4-295. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Kosuri N. R., Smalley E. B., Nichols R. E. Toxicologic studies of Fusarium tricinctum (Corda) Snyder et Hansen from moldy corn. Am J Vet Res. 1971 Nov;32(11):1843–1850. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Krogh P., Hald B., Pedersen E. J. Occurrence of ochratoxin A and citrinin in cereals associated with mycotoxic porcine nephropathy. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol. 1973 Dec;81(6):689–695. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1973.tb02261.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Krogh P., Hasselager E., Friis P. Studies on fungal nephrotoxicity. 2. Isolation of two nephrotoxic compounds from Penicillium viridicatum Westling: citrinin and oxalic acid. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol. 1970;78(4):401–413. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Kurtzman C. P., Ciegler A. Mycotoxin from a blue-eye mold of corn. Appl Microbiol. 1970 Aug;20(2):204–207. doi: 10.1128/am.20.2.204-207.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Lillehoj E. B., Ciegler A. Biological activity of sterigmatocystin. Mycopathol Mycol Appl. 1968 Oct 14;35(3):373–376. doi: 10.1007/BF02050752. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Mann G. E., Gardner H. K., Jr, Booth A. N., Gumbmann M. R. Aflatoxin inactivation. Chemical and biological properties of ammonia and methylamine treated cottonseed meal. J Agric Food Chem. 1971 Nov-Dec;19(6):1155–1158. doi: 10.1021/jf60178a038. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Marasas W. F., Bamburg J. R., Smalley E. B., Strong F. M., Ragland W. L., Degurse P. E. Toxic effects on trout, rats, and mice of T-2 toxin produced by the fungus Fusarium tricinctum (Cd.) Snyd. et Hans. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1969 Sep;15(2):471–482. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(69)90045-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Mirocha C. J., Christensen C. M., Nelson G. H. Biosynthesis of the fungal estrogen F-2 and a naturally occurring derivative (F-3) by Fusarium moniliforme. Appl Microbiol. 1969 Mar;17(3):482–483. doi: 10.1128/am.17.3.482-483.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Mirocha C. J., Christensen C. M., Nelson G. H. Estrogenic metabolite produced by Fusarium graminearum in stored corn. Appl Microbiol. 1967 May;15(3):497–503. doi: 10.1128/am.15.3.497-503.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Mirocha C. J., Christensen C. M., Nelson G. H. Physiologic activity of some fungal estrogens produced by Fusarium. Cancer Res. 1968 Nov;28(11):2319–2322. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Munro C., Scott P. M., Moodie C. A., Willes R. F. Ochratoxin A--occurrence and toxicity. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Dec 1;163(11):1269–1273. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Munro I. C., Moodie C. A., Kuiper-Goodman T., Scott P. M., Grice H. C. Toxicologic changes in rats fed graded dietary levels of ochratoxin A. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1974 May;28(2):180–188. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(74)90003-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Neely W. C., Ellis S. P., Davis N. D., Diener U. L. Spectroanalytical parameters of fungal metabolites. I. Citrinin. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1972 Sep;55(5):1122–1127. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Neely W. C., West A. D. Spectroanalytical parameters of fungal metabolites. 3. Ochratoxin A. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1972 Nov;55(6):1305–1309. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Nelson G. H., Christensen C. M., Mirocha C. J. Fusarium and estrogenism in swine. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Dec 1;163(11):1276–1277. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Newberne P. M. Chronic aflatoxicosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Dec 1;163(11):1262–1267. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Patterson D. S. Metabolism as a factor in determining the toxic action of the aflatoxins in different animal species. Food Cosmet Toxicol. 1973 Apr;11(2):287–294. doi: 10.1016/s0015-6264(73)80496-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Peckham J. C., Doupnik B., Jr, Jones O. H., Jr Acute toxicity of ochratoxins A and B in chicks. Appl Microbiol. 1971 Mar;21(3):492–494. doi: 10.1128/am.21.3.492-494.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Pero R. W., Harvan D., Owens R. G., Snow J. P. A gas chromatographic method for the mycotoxin penicillic acid. J Chromatogr. 1972 Mar 1;65(3):501–506. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)84996-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Pier A. C. An overview of the mycotoxicoses of domestic animals. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Dec 1;163(11):1259–1261. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Pier A. C. Effects of aflatoxin on immunity. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Dec 1;163(11):1268–1269. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Purchase I. F. Aflatoxin residues in food of animal origin. Food Cosmet Toxicol. 1972 Aug;10(4):531–544. doi: 10.1016/s0015-6264(72)80088-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Purchase I. F., Pretorius M. E. Sterigmatocystin in coffee beans. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1973 Jan;56(1):225–226. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. Purchase I. F., Theron J. J. The acute toxicity of ochratoxin A to rats. Food Cosmet Toxicol. 1968 Dec;6(4):479–483. doi: 10.1016/0015-6264(68)90138-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Purchase I. F., Van Der Watt J. J. Carcinogenicity of sterigmatocystin. Food Cosmet Toxicol. 1970 Jun;8(3):289–295. doi: 10.1016/s0015-6264(70)80004-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Purchase I. F., Van der Watt J. J. Carcinogenicity of sterigmatocystin to rat skin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1973 Oct;26(2):274–281. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(73)90262-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Purchase I. F., Vorster L. J. Aflatoxin in commercial milk samples. S Afr Med J. 1968 Mar 2;42(9):219–219. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  59. Purchase I. F., van der Watt J. J. Acute toxicity of sterigmatocystin to rats. Food Cosmet Toxicol. 1969 Mar;7(2):135–139. doi: 10.1016/s0015-6264(69)80295-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  60. Richard J. L. Mycotoxin photosensitivity. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Dec 1;163(11):1298–1299. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  61. Sawhney D. S., Vadehra D. V., Baker R. C. The metabolism of 14C aflatoxins in laying hens. Poult Sci. 1973 Jul;52(4):1302–1309. doi: 10.3382/ps.0521302. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  62. Scott P. M., Van Walbeek W., Kennedy B., Anyeti D. Mycotoxins (ochratoxin A, citrinin, and sterigmatocystin) and toxigenic fungi in grains and other agricultural products. J Agric Food Chem. 1972 Nov-Dec;20(6):1103–1109. doi: 10.1021/jf60184a010. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  63. Sharma V. D., Wilson R. F., Williams L. E. Reproductive performance of female swine fed corn naturally molded or inoculated with Fusarium roseum, Ohio isolates B and C. J Anim Sci. 1974 Mar;38(3):598–602. doi: 10.2527/jas1974.383598x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  64. Smalley E. B. T-2 toxin. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Dec 1;163(11):1278–1281. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  65. Snow J. P., Lucas G. B., Harvan D., Pero R. W., Owens R. G. Analysis of tobacco and smoke condensate for penicillic acid. Appl Microbiol. 1972 Jul;24(1):34–36. doi: 10.1128/am.24.1.34-36.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  66. Stack M., Rodricks J. V. Method for analysis and chemical confirmation of sterigmatocystin. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1971 Jan;54(1):86–90. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  67. Still P. E., Macklin A. W., Ribelin W. E., Smalley E. B. Relationship of ochratoxin A to foetal death in laboratory and domestic animals. Nature. 1971 Dec 31;234(5331):563–564. doi: 10.1038/234563a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  68. Stoloff L. Analytical methods for mycotoxins. Clin Toxicol. 1972;5(4):465–494. doi: 10.3109/15563657208991027. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  69. Stoloff L., Nesheim S., Yin L., Rodricks J. V., Stack M., Campbell A. D. A multimycotoxin detection method for aflatoxins, ochratoxins, zearalenone, sterigmatocystin, and patulin. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1971 Jan;54(1):91–97. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  70. Szczech G. M., Carlton W. W., Tuite J., Caldwell R. Ochratoxin A toxicosis in swine. Vet Pathol. 1973;10(4):347–364. doi: 10.1177/030098587301000408. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  71. Szczech G. M., Carlton W. W., Tuite J. Ochratoxicosis in Beagle dogs. I. Clinical and clinicopathological features. Vet Pathol. 1973;10(2):135–154. doi: 10.1177/030098587301000207. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  72. Szczech G. M., Carlton W. W., Tuite J. Ochratoxicosis in Beagle dogs. II. Pathology. Vet Pathol. 1973;10(3):219–231. doi: 10.1177/030098587301000304. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  73. Trenk H. L., Butz M. E., Chu F. S. Production of ochratoxins in different cereal products by Aspergillus ochraceus. Appl Microbiol. 1971 Jun;21(6):1032–1035. doi: 10.1128/am.21.6.1032-1035.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  74. Ueno Y., Sato N., Ishii K., Sakai K., Tsunoda H. Biological and chemical detection of trichothecene mycotoxins of Fusarium species. Appl Microbiol. 1973 Apr;25(4):699–704. doi: 10.1128/am.25.4.699-704.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  75. Van Zytveld W. A., Kelley D. C., Dennis S. M. Aflatoxicosis: the presence of aflatoxins or their metabolites in livers and skeletal muscles of chickens. Poult Sci. 1970 Sep;49(5):1350–1356. doi: 10.3382/ps.0491350. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  76. Van der Watt J. J. The acute toxicity of retrorsine, aflatoxin and sterigmatocystin in vervet monkeys. Br J Exp Pathol. 1970 Apr;51(2):183–190. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  77. Vesonder R. F., Ciegler A., Jensen A. H. Isolation of the emetic principle from Fusarium-infected corn. Appl Microbiol. 1973 Dec;26(6):1008–1010. doi: 10.1128/am.26.6.1008-1010.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  78. Waltking A. E. Fate of aflatoxin during roasting and storage of contaminated peanut products. J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1971 May;54(3):533–539. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  79. Wei R. D., Smalley E. B., Strong F. M. Improved skin test for detection of T-2 toxin. Appl Microbiol. 1972 May;23(5):1029–1030. doi: 10.1128/am.23.5.1029-1030.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  80. Wessel J. R., Stoloff L. Regulatory surveillance for aflatoxin and other mycotoxins in feeds, meat, and milk. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Dec 1;163(11):1284–1287. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  81. Wilson B. J. 12,13-Epoxytrichothecenes: potential toxic contaminants of foods. Nutr Rev. 1973 Jun;31(6):169–172. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.1973.tb05167.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  82. Wilson D. M., Nuovo G. J. Patulin production in apples decayed by Penicillium expansum. Appl Microbiol. 1973 Jul;26(1):124–125. doi: 10.1128/am.26.1.124-125.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  83. Wyatt R. D., Colwell W. M., Hamilton P. B., Burmeister H. R. Neural disturbances in chickens caused by dietary T-2 toxin. Appl Microbiol. 1973 Nov;26(5):757–761. doi: 10.1128/am.26.5.757-761.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  84. Wyatt R. D., Hamilton P. B., Burmeister H. R. The effects of T-2 toxin in broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 1973 Sep;52(5):1853–1859. doi: 10.3382/ps.0521853. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  85. Wyatt R. D., Harris J. R., Hamilton P. B., Burmeister H. R. Possible outbreaks of fusariotoxicosis in avians. Avian Dis. 1972 Oct-Dec;16(5):1123–1130. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  86. Wyatt R. D., Weeks B. A., Hamilton P. B., Burmeister H. R. Severe oral lesions in chickens caused by ingestion of dietary fusariotoxin T-2. Appl Microbiol. 1972 Aug;24(2):251–257. doi: 10.1128/am.24.2.251-257.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  87. Yates S. G., Tookey H. L., Ellis J. J. Survey of tall-fescue pasture: correlation of toxicity of Fusarium isolates to known toxins. Appl Microbiol. 1970 Jan;19(1):103–105. doi: 10.1128/am.19.1.103-105.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  88. van Walbeek W., Scott P. M., Harwig J., Lawrence J. W. Penicillium viridicatum Westling: a new source of ochratoxin A. Can J Microbiol. 1969 Nov;15(11):1281–1285. doi: 10.1139/m69-232. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  89. van der Merwe K. J., Steyn P. S., Fourie L., Scott D. B., Theron J. J. Ochratoxin A, a toxic metabolite produced by Aspergillus ochraceus Wilh. Nature. 1965 Mar 13;205(976):1112–1113. doi: 10.1038/2051112a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Canadian Veterinary Journal are provided here courtesy of Canadian Veterinary Medical Association

RESOURCES