Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology logoLink to Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology
. 1996 Mar;3(2):216–218. doi: 10.1128/cdli.3.2.216-218.1996

Detection of rubella virus-specific immunoglobulin M antibodies with a baculovirus-expressed E1 protein.

M Schmidt 1, C Lindqvist 1, A Salmi 1, C Oker-Blom 1
PMCID: PMC170281  PMID: 8991639

Abstract

The structural proteins of rubella virus (RV) were expressed in insect cells by using the baculovirus expression vector system. The recombinant E1 envelope glycoprotein was purified by immunoaffinity chromatography and used to detect RV-specific immunoglobulin M antibodies in a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay. Correlation analysis between the reactivities of antibodies against this recombinant E1 and the reactivities against authentic RV antigen shows that purified E1 can detect RV antibodies of the immunoglobulin M type.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (401.0 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bradford M. M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248–254. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Clarke D. M., Loo T. W., McDonald H., Gillam S. Expression of rubella virus cDNA coding for the structural proteins. Gene. 1988 May 15;65(1):23–30. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(88)90413-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Classification and nomenclature of viruses. Fourth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Intervirology. 1982;17(1-3):1–199. doi: 10.1159/000149278. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dominguez G., Wang C. Y., Frey T. K. Sequence of the genome RNA of rubella virus: evidence for genetic rearrangement during togavirus evolution. Virology. 1990 Jul;177(1):225–238. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(90)90476-8. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Frey T. K. Molecular biology of rubella virus. Adv Virus Res. 1994;44:69–160. doi: 10.1016/S0065-3527(08)60328-0. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Green K. Y., Dorsett P. H. Rubella virus antigens: localization of epitopes involved in hemagglutination and neutralization by using monoclonal antibodies. J Virol. 1986 Mar;57(3):893–898. doi: 10.1128/jvi.57.3.893-898.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hemmilä I., Dakubu S., Mukkala V. M., Siitari H., Lövgren T. Europium as a label in time-resolved immunofluorometric assays. Anal Biochem. 1984 Mar;137(2):335–343. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(84)90095-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hobman T. C., Lundstrom M. L., Gillam S. Processing and intracellular transport of rubella virus structural proteins in COS cells. Virology. 1990 Sep;178(1):122–133. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(90)90385-5. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hobman T. C., Lundstrom M. L., Mauracher C. A., Woodward L., Gillam S., Farquhar M. G. Assembly of rubella virus structural proteins into virus-like particles in transfected cells. Virology. 1994 Aug 1;202(2):574–585. doi: 10.1006/viro.1994.1379. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Lindqvist C., Schmidt M., Heinola J., Jaatinen R., Osterblad M., Salmi A., Keränen S., Akerman K., Oker-Blom C. Immunoaffinity purification of baculovirus-expressed rubella virus E1 for diagnostic purposes. J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Sep;32(9):2192–2196. doi: 10.1128/jcm.32.9.2192-2196.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lozzi L., Rustici M., Corti M., Cusi M. G., Valensin P. E., Bracci L., Santucci A., Soldani P., Spreafico A., Neri P. Structure of rubella E1 glycoprotein epitopes established by multiple peptide synthesis. Arch Virol. 1990;110(3-4):271–276. doi: 10.1007/BF01311295. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Meurman O. H., Hemmilä I. A., Lövgren T. N., Halonen P. E. Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay: a new test for rubella antibodies. J Clin Microbiol. 1982 Nov;16(5):920–925. doi: 10.1128/jcm.16.5.920-925.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Miller L. K. Insect baculoviruses: powerful gene expression vectors. Bioessays. 1989 Oct;11(4):91–95. doi: 10.1002/bies.950110404. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Mitchell L. A., Zhang T., Ho M., Décarie D., Tingle A. J., Zrein M., Lacroix M. Characterization of rubella virus-specific antibody responses by using a new synthetic peptide-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Jul;30(7):1841–1847. doi: 10.1128/jcm.30.7.1841-1847.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Oker-Blom C., Blomster M., Osterblad M., Schmidt M., Akerman K., Lindqvist C. Synthesis and processing of the rubella virus p110 polyprotein precursor in baculovirus-infected Spodoptera frugiperda cells. Virus Res. 1995 Jan;35(1):71–79. doi: 10.1016/0168-1702(94)00079-r. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Oker-Blom C., Kalkkinen N., Käriäinen L., Pettersson R. F. Rubella virus contains one capsid protein and three envelope glycoproteins, E1, E2a, and E2b. J Virol. 1983 Jun;46(3):964–973. doi: 10.1128/jvi.46.3.964-973.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Oker-Blom C., Pettersson R. F., Summers M. D. Baculovirus polyhedrin promoter-directed expression of rubella virus envelope glycoproteins, E1 and E2, in Spodoptera frugiperda cells. Virology. 1989 Sep;172(1):82–91. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(89)90109-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Oker-Blom C. The gene order for rubella virus structural proteins is NH2-C-E2-E1-COOH. J Virol. 1984 Aug;51(2):354–358. doi: 10.1128/jvi.51.2.354-358.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Oker-Blom C., Ulmanen I., Käriäinen L., Pettersson R. F. Rubella virus 40S genome RNA specifies a 24S subgenomic mRNA that codes for a precursor to structural proteins. J Virol. 1984 Feb;49(2):403–408. doi: 10.1128/jvi.49.2.403-408.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Qiu Z., Ou D., Hobman T. C., Gillam S. Expression and characterization of virus-like particles containing rubella virus structural proteins. J Virol. 1994 Jun;68(6):4086–4091. doi: 10.1128/jvi.68.6.4086-4091.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Sanchez A., Frey T. K. Vaccinia-vectored expression of the rubella virus structural proteins and characterization of the E1 and E2 glycosidic linkages. Virology. 1991 Aug;183(2):636–646. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90993-l. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Seppänen H., Huhtala M. L., Vaheri A., Summers M. D., Oker-Blom C. Diagnostic potential of baculovirus-expressed rubella virus envelope proteins. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Sep;29(9):1877–1882. doi: 10.1128/jcm.29.9.1877-1882.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Seto N. O., Gillam S. Expression and characterization of a soluble rubella virus E1 envelope protein. J Med Virol. 1994 Oct;44(2):192–199. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890440214. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Siitari H., Turunen P., Schrimsher J., Nunn M. New sensitive and specific assay for human immunodeficiency virus antibodies using labeled recombinant fusion protein and time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay. J Clin Microbiol. 1990 Sep;28(9):2022–2029. doi: 10.1128/jcm.28.9.2022-2029.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Starkey W. G., Newcombe J., Corbett K. M., Liu K. M., Sanders P. G., Best J. M. Use of rubella virus E1 fusion proteins for detection of rubella virus antibodies. J Clin Microbiol. 1995 Feb;33(2):270–274. doi: 10.1128/jcm.33.2.270-274.1995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Stewart G. L., Parkman P. D., Hopps H. E., Douglas R. D., Hamilton J. P., Meyer H. M., Jr Rubella-virus hemagglutination-inhibition test. N Engl J Med. 1967 Mar 9;276(10):554–557. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196703092761006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Terry G. M., Ho-Terry L., Londesborough P., Rees K. R. A bio-engineered rubella E1 antigen. Arch Virol. 1989;104(1-2):63–75. doi: 10.1007/BF01313808. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Toivonen V., Vainionpä R., Salmi A., Hyypiä T. Glycopolypeptides of rubella virus. Brief report. Arch Virol. 1983;77(1):91–95. doi: 10.1007/BF01314869. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Towbin H., Staehelin T., Gordon J. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350–4354. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4350. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Umino Y., Sato T. A., Katow S., Matsuno T., Sugiura A. Monoclonal antibodies directed to E1 glycoprotein of rubella virus. Arch Virol. 1985;83(1-2):33–42. doi: 10.1007/BF01310962. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Vaheri A., Hovi T. Structural proteins and subunits of rubella virus. J Virol. 1972 Jan;9(1):10–16. doi: 10.1128/jvi.9.1.10-16.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Vejtorp M., Fanøe E., Leerhoy J. Diagnosis of postnatal rubella by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for rubella IgM and IgG antibodies. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B. 1979 Jun;87B(3):155–160. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1979.tb02419.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Voller A., Bidwell D. E. A simple method for detecting antibodies to rubella. Br J Exp Pathol. 1975 Aug;56(4):338–339. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Vänänen P., Häivä V. M., Koskela P., Meurman O. Comparison of a simple latex agglutination test with hemolysis-in-gel, hemagglutination inhibition, and radioimmunoassay for detection of rubella virus antibodies. J Clin Microbiol. 1985 May;21(5):793–795. doi: 10.1128/jcm.21.5.793-795.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Waxham M. N., Wolinsky J. S. Immunochemical identification of rubella virus hemagglutinin. Virology. 1983 Apr 15;126(1):194–203. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(83)90471-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES