Abstract
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based poliovirus-binding inhibition (PoBI) test to detect and quantify antibodies to polioviruses was optimized and evaluated for use in population studies as an alternative to the virus neutralization test (NT) in tissue culture. The sensitivities of the inhibition ELISA compared with the NT in an inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV)-vaccinated population were 98.6, 97.4, and 92.1% for serotypes 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The specificities of the PoBI test, as determined with sera from nonvaccinated persons, were also high for all three serotypes (99.0, 95.8, and 100%, respectively). Antibodies to other enteroviruses did not cross-react in the serotype 1 and 3 PoBI, and only levels of cross-reactivity were found for serotype 2. We found high correlations between the PoBI and NT titers for serotypes 1 and 2 in IPV-vaccinated blood donors (0.97 and 0.95), in oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV)-vaccinated blood donors (0.91 and 0.95), and in naturally immune persons (0.90 and 0.87). The correlation coefficient for serotype 3, however, was significantly lower in OPV-vaccinated blood donors (0.73) and in naturally immune persons (0.76) than in IPV-vaccinated persons (0.94; P < 0.01). These results indicate that the antibody response to serotype 3 poliovirus in IPV recipients is different from that in OPV recipients and naturally infected persons. We conclude that the PoBI test is a suitable alternative to the NT for estimating the seroprevalence of neutralizing antibodies to poliovirus, especially in large-scale population studies.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (346.4 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Edevåg G., Wahren B., Osterhaus A. D., Sundqvist V. A., Granström M. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based inhibition test for neutralizing antibodies to polioviruses as an alternative to the neutralization test in tissue culture. J Clin Microbiol. 1995 Nov;33(11):2927–2930. doi: 10.1128/jcm.33.11.2927-2930.1995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Emini E. A., Jameson B. A., Lewis A. J., Larsen G. R., Wimmer E. Poliovirus neutralization epitopes: analysis and localization with neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. J Virol. 1982 Sep;43(3):997–1005. doi: 10.1128/jvi.43.3.997-1005.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Emini E. A., Jameson B. A., Wimmer E. Priming for and induction of anti-poliovirus neutralizing antibodies by synthetic peptides. Nature. 1983 Aug 25;304(5928):699–703. doi: 10.1038/304699a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Faden H., Modlin J. F., Thoms M. L., McBean A. M., Ferdon M. B., Ogra P. L. Comparative evaluation of immunization with live attenuated and enhanced-potency inactivated trivalent poliovirus vaccines in childhood: systemic and local immune responses. J Infect Dis. 1990 Dec;162(6):1291–1297. doi: 10.1093/infdis/162.6.1291. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ferguson M., Minor P. D., Magrath D. I., Qui Y. H., Spitz M., Schild G. C. Neutralization epitopes on poliovirus type 3 particles: an analysis using monoclonal antibodies. J Gen Virol. 1984 Jan;65(Pt 1):197–201. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-65-1-197. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gershy-Damet G. M., Koffi K. J. Utilisation d'une technique ELISA pour la quantification des anticorps antipoliovirus dans les sérums humains. Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales. 1987;80(3):289–294. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hagenaars A. M., van Delft R. W., Nagel J., van Steenis G., van Wezel A. L. A modified ELISA technique for the titration of antibodies to polio virus as an alternative to a virus neutralization test. J Virol Methods. 1983 Apr;6(4):233–239. doi: 10.1016/0166-0934(83)90050-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Herremans M. M., van Loon A. M., Reimerink J. H., Rümke H. C., van der Avoort H. G., Kimman T. G., Koopmans M. P. Poliovirus-specific immunoglobulin A in persons vaccinated with inactivated poliovirus vaccine in The Netherlands. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1997 Sep;4(5):499–503. doi: 10.1128/cdli.4.5.499-503.1997. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hogle J. M., Filman D. J. Poliovirus: three-dimensional structure of a viral antigen. Adv Vet Sci Comp Med. 1989;33:65–91. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-039233-9.50006-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Murthy N., Nair K. M., Bhaskaram P. A direct ELISA technique to detect antibodies against polioviruses. Indian J Biochem Biophys. 1995 Oct;32(5):249–253. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Osterhaus A. D., van Wezel A. L., Hazendonk T. G., UytdeHaag F. G., van Asten J. A., van Steenis B. Monoclonal antibodies to polioviruses. Comparison of intratypic strain differentiation of poliovirus type 1 using monoclonal antibodies versus cross-absorbed antisera. Intervirology. 1983;20(2-3):129–136. doi: 10.1159/000149381. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roivainen M., Hovi T. Cleavage of VP1 and modification of antigenic site 1 of type 2 polioviruses by intestinal trypsin. J Virol. 1988 Sep;62(9):3536–3539. doi: 10.1128/jvi.62.9.3536-3539.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roivainen M., Montagnon B., Chalumeau H., Murray M., Wimmer E., Hovi T. Improved distribution of antigenic site specificity of poliovirus-neutralizing antibodies induced by a protease-cleaved immunogen in mice. J Virol. 1990 Feb;64(2):559–562. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.2.559-562.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SABIN A. B., MICHAELS R. H., ZIRING P., KRUGMAN S., WARREN J. Effect of oral poliovirus vaccine in newborn children. II. Intestinal resistance and antibody response at 6 months in children fed type I vaccine at birth. Pediatrics. 1963 Apr;31:641–650. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Simhon A., Lifshitz A., Abed Y., Lasch E. E., Schoub B., Morag A. How to predict the immune status of poliovirus vaccinees? A comparison of virus neutralization at a very low serum dilution versus ELISA in a cohort of infants. Int J Epidemiol. 1990 Mar;19(1):164–168. doi: 10.1093/ije/19.1.164. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Souvras M., Montagnon B., Fanget B., van Wezel A. L., Hazendonk A. G. Direct enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantification of poliomyelitis virus D-antigen. Dev Biol Stand. 1980;46:197–202. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]