Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Applied and Environmental Microbiology logoLink to Applied and Environmental Microbiology
. 1977 Apr;33(4):955–962. doi: 10.1128/aem.33.4.955-962.1977

Citrate, a specific substrate for the isolation of Clostridium sphenoides.

R Walther, H Hippe, G Gottschalk
PMCID: PMC170796  PMID: 869540

Abstract

With a medium containing citrate as the carbon and energy source, 10 clostridial strains were isolated from various mud samples. Characterization of these strains revealed that they all belonged to the same species, Clostridium sphenoides. Strains of this organism obtained from culture collections were also able to grow citrate, whereas 15 other clostridial species tested were not. Citrate was fermented by C. sphenoides to acetate, ethanol, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen. Experiments with stereospecifically 14C-labeled citrate indicated that citrate lyase was involved in citrate degradation.

Full text

PDF
955

Images in this article

958Image
on p.958
959Image
on p.959

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Andreesen J. R., Gottschalk G., Schlegel H. G. Clostridium formicoaceticum nov. spec. isolation, description and distinction from C. aceticum and C. thermoaceticum. Arch Mikrobiol. 1970;72(2):154–174. doi: 10.1007/BF00409521. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bhat J. V., Barker H. A. Clostridium lacto-acetophilum Nov. Spec. and the Role of Acetic Acid in the Butyric Acid Fermentation of Lactate. J Bacteriol. 1947 Sep;54(3):381–391. doi: 10.1128/jb.54.3.381-391.1947. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bornstein B. T., Barker H. A. The Nutrition of Clostridium kluyveri. J Bacteriol. 1948 Feb;55(2):223–230. doi: 10.1128/jb.55.2.223-230.1948. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cardon B. P., Barker H. A. Two New Amino-Acid-Fermenting Bacteria, Clostridium propionicum and Diplococcus glycinophilus. J Bacteriol. 1946 Dec;52(6):629–634. doi: 10.1128/jb.52.6.629-634.1946. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Gottschalk G., Barker H. A. Presence and stereospecificity of citrate synthase in anaerobic bacteria. Biochemistry. 1967 Apr;6(4):1027–1034. doi: 10.1021/bi00856a011. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. HIRSCH P. CO2-FIXIERUNG DURCH KNALLGASBAKTERIEN. II. CHROMATOGRAPHISCHER NACHWEIS DER FRUEHZEITIGEN FIXIERUNGSPRODUKTE. Arch Mikrobiol. 1963 Jul 18;46:53–78. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Johnson J. L., Francis B. S. Taxonomy of the Clostridia: ribosomal ribonucleic acid homologies among the species. J Gen Microbiol. 1975 Jun;88(2):229–244. doi: 10.1099/00221287-88-2-229. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. KORNBERG A., KORNBERG S. R., SIMMS E. S. Metaphosphate synthesis by an enzyme from Escherichia coli. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1956 Apr;20(1):215–227. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(56)90280-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Langlykke A. F., Peterson W. H., Fred E. B. Reductive Processes of Clostridium butylicum and the Mechanism of Formation of Isopropyl Alcohol. J Bacteriol. 1937 Oct;34(4):443–453. doi: 10.1128/jb.34.4.443-453.1937. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Lee C. K., Ordal Z. J. Regulatory effect of pyruvate on the glucose metabolism of Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum. J Bacteriol. 1967 Sep;94(3):530–536. doi: 10.1128/jb.94.3.530-536.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. MARMUR J., DOTY P. Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its thermal denaturation temperature. J Mol Biol. 1962 Jul;5:109–118. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(62)80066-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. MERCER W. A., VAUGHN R. H. The characteristics of some thermophilic, tartrate-fermenting anaerobes. J Bacteriol. 1951 Jul;62(1):27–37. doi: 10.1128/jb.62.1.27-37.1951. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Moellering H., Gruber W. Determination of citrate with citrate lyase. Anal Biochem. 1966 Dec;17(3):369–376. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(66)90172-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Reed R. W. Nitrate, Nitrite and Indole Reactions of Gas Gangrene Anaerobes. J Bacteriol. 1942 Oct;44(4):425–431. doi: 10.1128/jb.44.4.425-431.1942. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Spray R. S. Semisolid Media for Cultivation and Identification of Sporulating Anaerobes. J Bacteriol. 1936 Aug;32(2):135–155. doi: 10.1128/jb.32.2.135-155.1936. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. WILLIS A. T., HOBBS G. Some new media for the isolation and identification of Clostridia. J Pathol Bacteriol. 1959 Apr;77(2):511–521. doi: 10.1002/path.1700770223. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Weckesser J., Drews G., Tauschel H. D. Zur Feinstruktur und Taxonomie von Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa. Arch Mikrobiol. 1969;65(4):346–358. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. von Hugo H., Schoberth S., Madan V. K., Gottschalk G. Coenzyme specificity of dehydrogenases and fermentation of pyruvate by clostridia. Arch Mikrobiol. 1972;87(3):189–202. doi: 10.1007/BF00424880. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Applied and Environmental Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES