Abstract
Polyadenylated transcripts of influenza virus RNA are incomplete copies of the individual genome segments, lacking sequences complementary to the 5'-terminal nucleotides of the virion RNA. By using a procedure which depends on the polyadenylic acid tail of the mRNA being encoded in part by the genome, we have determined that the common tract of uridine residues, approximately 17 to 22 nucleotides from the 5' end of each segment, is the site of polyadenylation of influenza virus mRNA.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Caton A. J., Robertson J. S. New procedure for the production of influenza virus-specific double-stranded DNA's. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 24;7(6):1445–1456. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.6.1445. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Caton A. J., Robertson J. S. Structure of the host-derived sequences present at the 5' ends of influenza virus mRNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Jun 25;8(12):2591–2603. doi: 10.1093/nar/8.12.2591. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Donis-Keller H., Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Mapping adenines, guanines, and pyrimidines in RNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1977 Aug;4(8):2527–2538. doi: 10.1093/nar/4.8.2527. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hay A. J., Abraham G., Skehel J. J., Smith J. C., Fellner P. Influenza virus messenger RNAs are incomplete transcripts of the genome RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res. 1977 Dec;4(12):4197–4209. doi: 10.1093/nar/4.12.4197. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hay A. J., Lomniczi B., Bellamy A. R., Skehel J. J. Transcription of the influenza virus genome. Virology. 1977 Dec;83(2):337–355. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(77)90179-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hay A. J., Skehel J. J. Characterization of influenza virus RNA transcripts synthesized in vitro. J Gen Virol. 1979 Sep;44(3):599–608. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-44-3-599. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Inglis S. C., Barrett T., Brown C. M., Almond J. W. The smallest genome RNA segment of influenza virus contains two genes that may overlap. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Aug;76(8):3790–3794. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.8.3790. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Inglis S. C., Carroll A. R., Lamb R. A., Mahy B. W. Polypeptides specified by the influenza virus genome I. Evidence for eight distinct gene products specified by fowl plague virus. Virology. 1976 Oct 15;74(2):489–503. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(76)90355-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Inglis S. C., Gething M. J., Brown C. M. Relationship between the messenger RNAs transcribed from two overlapping genes of influenza virus. Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Aug 25;8(16):3575–3589. doi: 10.1093/nar/8.16.3575. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Inglis S. C., Mahy B. W. Polypeptides specified by the influenza virus genome. 3. Control of synthesis in infected cells. Virology. 1979 May;95(1):154–164. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(79)90410-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Inglis S. C., McGeoch D. J., Mahy B. W. Polypeptides specified by the influenza virus genoma. 2. Assignement of protein coding functions to individual genome segments by in vitro translation. Virology. 1977 May 15;78(2):522–536. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(77)90128-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Krug R. M., Broni B. A., Bouloy M. Are the 5' ends of influenza viral mRNAs synthesized in vivo donated by host mRNAs? Cell. 1979 Oct;18(2):329–334. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90052-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Krug R. M., Morgan M. A., Shatkin A. J. Influenza viral mRNA contains internal N6-methyladenosine and 5'-terminal 7-methylguanosine in cap structures. J Virol. 1976 Oct;20(1):45–53. doi: 10.1128/jvi.20.1.45-53.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lamb R. A., Choppin P. W., Chanock R. M., Lai C. J. Mapping of the two overlapping genes for polypeptides NS1 and NS2 on RNA segment 8 of influenza virus genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Apr;77(4):1857–1861. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.4.1857. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lamb R. A., Choppin P. W. Segment 8 of the influenza virus genome is unique in coding for two polypeptides. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Oct;76(10):4908–4912. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.10.4908. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lockard R. E., Alzner-Deweerd B., Heckman J. E., MacGee J., Tabor M. W., RajBhandary U. L. Sequence analysis of 5'[32P] labeled mRNA and tRNA using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Nucleic Acids Res. 1978 Jan;5(1):37–56. doi: 10.1093/nar/5.1.37. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McGeoch D. J. Structure of the gene N:gene NS intercistronic junction in the genome of vesicular stomatitis virus. Cell. 1979 Jul;17(3):673–681. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90274-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pilly D., Niemeyer A., Schmidt M., Bargetzi J. P. Enzymes for RNA sequence analysis. Preparation and specificity of exoplasmodial ribonucleases I and II from Physarum polycephalum. J Biol Chem. 1978 Jan 25;253(2):437–445. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Plotch S. J., Krug R. M. Influenza virion transcriptase: synthesis in vitro of large, polyadenylic acid-containing complementary RNA. J Virol. 1977 Jan;21(1):24–34. doi: 10.1128/jvi.21.1.24-34.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Robertson J. S. 5' and 3' terminal nucleotide sequences of the RNA genome segments of influenza virus. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Aug 24;6(12):3745–3757. doi: 10.1093/nar/6.12.3745. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rose J. K. Complete intergenic and flanking gene sequences from the genome of vesicular stomatitis virus. Cell. 1980 Feb;19(2):415–421. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90515-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sanger F., Coulson A. R. The use of thin acrylamide gels for DNA sequencing. FEBS Lett. 1978 Mar 1;87(1):107–110. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(78)80145-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schubert M., Keene J. D., Herman R. C., Lazzarini R. A. Site on the vesicular stomatitis virus genome specifying polyadenylation and the end of the L gene mRNA. J Virol. 1980 May;34(2):550–559. doi: 10.1128/jvi.34.2.550-559.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Simoncsits A., Brownlee G. G., Brown R. S., Rubin J. R., Guilley H. New rapid gel sequencing method for RNA. Nature. 1977 Oct 27;269(5631):833–836. doi: 10.1038/269833a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Skehel J. J., Hay A. J. Nucleotide sequences at the 5' termini of influenza virus RNAs and their transcripts. Nucleic Acids Res. 1978 Apr;5(4):1207–1219. doi: 10.1093/nar/5.4.1207. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Skehel J. J. Polypeptide synthesis in influenza virus-infected cells. Virology. 1972 Jul;49(1):23–36. doi: 10.1016/s0042-6822(72)80004-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]