Abstract
Ganciclovir and foscarnet possess substantial activity against cytomegalovirus. Both exhibit dose-limiting toxicity, which reduces their clinical usefulness. We demonstrated synergistic inhibition of cytomegalovirus replication in vitro by ganciclovir and foscarnet. Reduced-dose combination therapy may provide a means to treat patients with cytomegalovirus infection while reducing drug toxicity.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Ch'ien L. T., Cannon N. J., Whitley R. J., Diethelm A. G., Dismukes W. E., Scott C. W., Buchanan R. A., Alford C. A., Jr Effect of adenine arabinoside on cytomegalovirus infections. J Infect Dis. 1974 Jul;130(1):32–39. doi: 10.1093/infdis/130.1.32. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- ELION G. B., SINGER S., HITCHINGS G. H. Antagonists of nucleic acid derivatives. VIII. Synergism in combinations of biochemically related antimetabolites. J Biol Chem. 1954 Jun;208(2):477–488. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Emanuel D., Cunningham I., Jules-Elysee K., Brochstein J. A., Kernan N. A., Laver J., Stover D., White D. A., Fels A., Polsky B. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia after bone marrow transplantation successfully treated with the combination of ganciclovir and high-dose intravenous immune globulin. Ann Intern Med. 1988 Nov 15;109(10):777–782. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-109-10-777. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Farthing C., Anderson M. G., Ellis M. E., Gazzard B. G., Chanas A. C. Treatment of cytomegalovirus pneumonitis with foscarnet (trisodium phosphonoformate) in patients with AIDS. J Med Virol. 1987 Jun;22(2):157–162. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890220206. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gold J. W., Armstrong D. Infectious complications of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1984;437:383–393. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1984.tb37158.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klintmalm G., Lönnqvist B., Oberg B., Gahrton G., Lernestedt J. O., Lundgren G., Ringdén O., Robert K. H., Wahren B., Groth C. G. Intravenous foscarnet for the treatment of severe cytomegalovirus infection in allograft recipients. Scand J Infect Dis. 1985;17(2):157–163. doi: 10.3109/inf.1985.17.issue-2.06. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mar E. C., Cheng Y. C., Huang E. S. Effect of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine on human cytomegalovirus replication in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1983 Oct;24(4):518–521. doi: 10.1128/aac.24.4.518. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Masur H., Lane H. C., Palestine A., Smith P. D., Manischewitz J., Stevens G., Fujikawa L., Macher A. M., Nussenblatt R., Baird B. Effect of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl) guanine on serious cytomegalovirus disease in eight immunosuppressed homosexual men. Ann Intern Med. 1986 Jan;104(1):41–44. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-104-1-41. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Matthews T., Boehme R. Antiviral activity and mechanism of action of ganciclovir. Rev Infect Dis. 1988 Jul-Aug;10 (Suppl 3):S490–S494. doi: 10.1093/clinids/10.supplement_3.s490. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Meyers J. D., Flournoy N., Thomas E. D. Risk factors for cytomegalovirus infection after human marrow transplantation. J Infect Dis. 1986 Mar;153(3):478–488. doi: 10.1093/infdis/153.3.478. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Peterson P. K., Balfour H. H., Jr, Marker S. C., Fryd D. S., Howard R. J., Simmons R. L. Cytomegalovirus disease in renal allograft recipients: a prospective study of the clinical features, risk factors and impact on renal transplantation. Medicine (Baltimore) 1980 Jul;59(4):283–300. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Plotkin S. A., Drew W. L., Felsenstein D., Hirsch M. S. Sensitivity of clinical isolates of human cytomegalovirus to 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine. J Infect Dis. 1985 Oct;152(4):833–834. doi: 10.1093/infdis/152.4.833. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reed E. C., Bowden R. A., Dandliker P. S., Lilleby K. E., Meyers J. D. Treatment of cytomegalovirus pneumonia with ganciclovir and intravenous cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin in patients with bone marrow transplants. Ann Intern Med. 1988 Nov 15;109(10):783–788. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-109-10-783. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ringdén O., Lönnqvist B., Paulin T., Ahlmén J., Klintmalm G., Wahren B., Lernestedt J. O. Pharmacokinetics, safety and preliminary clinical experiences using foscarnet in the treatment of cytomegalovirus infections in bone marrow and renal transplant recipients. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1986 Mar;17(3):373–387. doi: 10.1093/jac/17.3.373. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shepp D. H., Dandliker P. S., de Miranda P., Burnette T. C., Cederberg D. M., Kirk L. E., Meyers J. D. Activity of 9-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxymethyl]guanine in the treatment of cytomegalovirus pneumonia. Ann Intern Med. 1985 Sep;103(3):368–373. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-103-3-368. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wade J. C., Hintz M., McGuffin R., Springmeyer S. C., Connor J. D., Meyers J. D. Treatment of cytomegalovirus pneumonia with high-dose acyclovir. Am J Med. 1982 Jul 20;73(1A):249–256. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(82)90100-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Walmsley S. L., Chew E., Read S. E., Vellend H., Salit I., Rachlis A., Fanning M. M. Treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis with trisodium phosphonoformate hexahydrate (Foscarnet). J Infect Dis. 1988 Mar;157(3):569–572. doi: 10.1093/infdis/157.3.569. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]