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CSF lactate concentrations in different diagnostic groups. Open symbols: sample in acute illness. Closed symbols: sample in chronic illness. 1: Respiratory chain disorders; 2: pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency; 3: other metabolic disorders (see text); 4: infection/inflammation; 5: ischaemia; 6: malignancy; 7: seizures; 8: multiple aetiology; 9: unknown.
