Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy logoLink to Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
. 1988 Jan;32(1):92–95. doi: 10.1128/aac.32.1.92

Pharmacokinetics and serum bactericidal activity of vancomycin alone and in combination with ceftazidime in healthy volunteers.

M Boeckh 1, H Lode 1, K Borner 1, G Höffken 1, J Wagner 1, P Koeppe 1
PMCID: PMC172105  PMID: 3279907

Abstract

The pharmacokinetics and serum bactericidal activity of vancomycin alone and in combination with ceftazidime were investigated in 10 healthy volunteers. The pharmacokinetic parameters showed no significant differences (P less than 0.05) between single and combined administration. No antagonistic effects were observed in serum bactericidal activity with the combination against 20 gram-positive and 20 gram-negative locally isolated bacteria. A titer of greater than or equal to 1:8 was generated by the combination against all test strains except enterococci. Seven of ten volunteers developed a typical "red man's syndrome" during the administration of 1.0 g of vancomycin.

Full text

PDF
92

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ackerman B. H., Bradsher R. W. Vancomycin and red necks. Ann Intern Med. 1985 May;102(5):723–724. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-102-5-723. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Blouin R. A., Bauer L. A., Miller D. D., Record K. E., Griffen W. O., Jr Vancomycin pharmacokinetics in normal and morbidly obese subjects. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1982 Apr;21(4):575–580. doi: 10.1128/aac.21.4.575. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Brown N., Ho D. H., Fong K. L., Bogerd L., Maksymiuk A., Bolivar R., Fainstein V., Bodey G. P. Effects of hepatic function on vancomycin clinical pharmacology. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1983 Apr;23(4):603–609. doi: 10.1128/aac.23.4.603. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cunha B. A., Quintiliani R., Deglin J. M., Izard M. W., Nightingale C. H. Pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in anuria. Rev Infect Dis. 1981 Nov-Dec;3 Suppl:S269–S272. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cutler N. R., Narang P. K., Lesko L. J., Ninos M., Power M. Vancomycin disposition: the importance of age. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1984 Dec;36(6):803–810. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1984.260. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Farber B. F., Moellering R. C., Jr Retrospective study of the toxicity of preparations of vancomycin from 1974 to 1981. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1983 Jan;23(1):138–141. doi: 10.1128/aac.23.1.138. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Garrelts J. C., Peterie J. D. Vancomycin and the "red man's syndrome". N Engl J Med. 1985 Jan 24;312(4):245–245. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Greenblatt D. J., Koch-Weser J. Clinical pharmacokinetics (second of two parts). N Engl J Med. 1975 Nov 6;293(19):964–970. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197511062931905. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Healy D. P., Polk R. E., Garson M. L., Rock D. T., Comstock T. J. Comparison of steady-state pharmacokinetics of two dosage regimens of vancomycin in normal volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1987 Mar;31(3):393–397. doi: 10.1128/aac.31.3.393. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Kemmerich B., Warns H., Lode H., Borner K., Koeppe P., Knothe H. Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime and its influence on fecal flora. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1983 Sep;24(3):333–338. doi: 10.1128/aac.24.3.333. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Klastersky J., Daneau D., Swings G., Weerts D. Antibacterial activity in serum and urine as a therapeutic guide in bacterial infections. J Infect Dis. 1974 Feb;129(2):187–193. doi: 10.1093/infdis/129.2.187. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Koeppe P., Hamann C. A program for non-linear regression analysis to be used on desk-top computers. Comput Programs Biomed. 1980 Dec;12(2-3):121–128. doi: 10.1016/0010-468x(80)90058-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Krogstad D. J., Moellering R. C., Jr, Greenblatt D. J. Single-dose kinetics of intravenous vancomycin. J Clin Pharmacol. 1980 Apr;20(4 Pt 1):197–201. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1980.tb01696.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Lode H., Elvers A., Koeppe P., Borner K. Comparative pharmacokinetics of apalcillin and piperacillin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1984 Jan;25(1):105–108. doi: 10.1128/aac.25.1.105. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Matzke G. R., McGory R. W., Halstenson C. E., Keane W. F. Pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in patients with various degrees of renal function. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1984 Apr;25(4):433–437. doi: 10.1128/aac.25.4.433. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. McClain J. B., Bongiovanni R., Brown S. Vancomycin quantitation by high-performance liquid chromatography in human serum. J Chromatogr. 1982 Sep 10;231(2):463–466. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)81873-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Moellering R. C., Jr, Krogstad D. J., Greenblatt D. J. Vancomycin therapy in patients with impaired renal function: a nomogram for dosage. Ann Intern Med. 1981 Mar;94(3):343–346. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-94-3-343. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Pau A. K., Khakoo R. "Red-neck syndrome" with slow infusion of vancomycin. N Engl J Med. 1985 Sep 19;313(12):756–757. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198509193131214. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Reitz M. S., Jr, Kalyanaraman V. S., Robert-Guroff M., Popovic M., Sarngadharan M. G., Sarin P. S., Gallo R. C. Human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus: the retrovirus of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. J Infect Dis. 1983 Mar;147(3):399–405. doi: 10.1093/infdis/147.3.399. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Reller L. B., Stratton C. W. Serum dilution test for bactericidal activity. II. Standardization and correlation with antimicrobial assays and susceptibility tests. J Infect Dis. 1977 Aug;136(2):196–204. doi: 10.1093/infdis/136.2.196. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rotschafer J. C., Crossley K., Zaske D. E., Mead K., Sawchuk R. J., Solem L. D. Pharmacokinetics of vancomycin: observations in 28 patients and dosage recommendations. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1982 Sep;22(3):391–394. doi: 10.1128/aac.22.3.391. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Schwenzer K. S., Wang C. H., Anhalt J. P. Automated fluorescence polarization immunoassay for monitoring vancomycin. Ther Drug Monit. 1983;5(3):341–345. doi: 10.1097/00007691-198309000-00017. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Sculier J. P., Klastersky J. Significance of serum bactericidal activity in gram-negative bacillary bacteremia in patients with and without granulocytopenia. Am J Med. 1984 Mar;76(3):429–435. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(84)90662-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Simon C., Littschwager G. In vitro activity of ceftazidime in combination with other antibiotics. Infection. 1985 Jul-Aug;13(4):184–189. doi: 10.1007/BF01642810. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Uhl J. R., Anhalt J. P. High performance liquid chromatographic assay of vancomycin in serum. Ther Drug Monit. 1979;1(1):75–83. doi: 10.1097/00007691-197901000-00008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Wade J. C., Schimpff S. C., Newman K. A., Wiernik P. H. Staphylococcus epidermidis: an increasing cause of infection in patients with granulocytopenia. Ann Intern Med. 1982 Oct;97(4):503–508. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-97-4-503. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES