Abstract
The MICs of several antibiotics (both hydrophobic and hydrophilic) which penetrate very poorly into intact Escherichia coli cells were found to be 2- to 10-fold decreased in the presence of low doses of various local anesthetics (procaine, dibucaine, tetracaine, chlorpromazine, and quinine). The concentrations of anesthetics necessary for this effect have no adverse effect on cell growth and are markedly lower than those concentrations used clinically.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Gellert M., O'Dea M. H., Itoh T., Tomizawa J. Novobiocin and coumermycin inhibit DNA supercoiling catalyzed by DNA gyrase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Dec;73(12):4474–4478. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.12.4474. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hancock R. E. Alterations in outer membrane permeability. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1984;38:237–264. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.38.100184.001321. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lazdunski C., Baty D., Pagès J. M. Procaine, a local anesthetic interacting with the cell membrane, inhibits the processing of precursor forms of periplasmic proteins in Escherichia coli. Eur J Biochem. 1979 May 2;96(1):49–57. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1979.tb13012.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Leive L. Release of lipopolysaccharide by EDTA treatment of E. coli. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1965 Nov 22;21(4):290–296. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(65)90191-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Leive L. The barrier function of the gram-negative envelope. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1974 May 10;235(0):109–129. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1974.tb43261.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lugtenberg B., Van Alphen L. Molecular architecture and functioning of the outer membrane of Escherichia coli and other gram-negative bacteria. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1983 Mar 21;737(1):51–115. doi: 10.1016/0304-4157(83)90014-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nikaido H., Vaara M. Molecular basis of bacterial outer membrane permeability. Microbiol Rev. 1985 Mar;49(1):1–32. doi: 10.1128/mr.49.1.1-32.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pugsley A. P., Conrard D. J., Schnaitman C. A., Gregg T. I. In vivo effects of local anesthetics on the production of major outer membrane proteins by Escherichia coli. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1980 Jun 20;599(1):1–12. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(80)90051-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Seeman P. The membrane actions of anesthetics and tranquilizers. Pharmacol Rev. 1972 Dec;24(4):583–655. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]