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. 1999 Jul;83(7):796–801. doi: 10.1136/bjo.83.7.796

Visual performance in giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis) after 1 year of therapy

M Kupersmith 1, R Langer 1, H Mitnick 1, R Spiera 1, H Spiera 1, M Richmond 1, S Paget 1
PMCID: PMC1723121  PMID: 10381666

Abstract

AIMS—To determine if patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) treated with corticosteroids develop delayed visual loss or drug related ocular complications.
METHODS—In a multicentre prospective study patients with GCA (using precise diagnostic criteria) had ophthalmic evaluations at predetermined intervals up to 1 year. The dose of corticosteroid was determined by treating physicians, often outside the study, with the daily dose reduced to the equivalent of 30-40 mg of prednisone within 5 weeks. Subsequently, treatment guidelines suggested that the dose be reduced as tolerated or the patient was withdrawn from steroids in a period not less than 6 months.
RESULTS—At presentation, of the 22 patients enrolled, seven patients had nine eyes with ischaemic injury. Four eyes had improved visual acuity by two lines or more within 1 month of starting corticosteroids. No patients developed late visual loss as the steroid dose was reduced. At 1 year the visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, colour vision, and threshold perimetry were not significantly different from the 4-5 week determinations. At 1 year, there were no significant cataractous or glaucomatous changes. At 2 months, there was no difference in systemic complications between patients who received conventional dose (60-80 mg per day) or very high doses (200-1000 mg per day) of corticosteroids at the start or early in the course.
CONCLUSIONS—Patients with GCA related visual loss can improve with treatment. Corticosteroids with starting doses of 60-1000 mg per day, with reduction to daily doses of 40-50 mg per day given for 4-6 weeks, and gradual dose reduction thereafter, as clinically permitted, did not result in delayed visual loss. There were no significant drug related ophthalmic complications.



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Figure 1  .

Figure 1  

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Changes in visual acuity expressed by eye as a decimal value. Recall three eyes in two patients had better pre-entry acuity which deteriorated within 5 days on oral prednisone.

Figure 2  .

Figure 2  

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Changes in visual acuity at 1 year. Positive numbers indicate improvement and negative numbers, worsening. Frequency is expressed as number of eyes.

Figure 3  .

Figure 3  

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Change in contrast at 1 year from baseline expressed in log units ×10−1. Positive numbers indicate improvement and negative numbers, worsening. Frequency is expressed as number of eyes.

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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