Skip to main content
British Journal of Sports Medicine logoLink to British Journal of Sports Medicine
. 2003 Apr;37(2):115–118. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.37.2.115

Validation of a field test for the non-invasive determination of badminton specific aerobic performance

M Wonisch 1, P Hofmann 1, G Schwaberger 1, S P von Duvillard 1, W Klein 1
PMCID: PMC1724604  PMID: 12663351

Abstract

Aim: To develop a badminton specific test to determine on court aerobic and anaerobic performance.

Method: The test was evaluated by using a lactate steady state test. Seventeen male competitive badminton players (mean (SD) age 26 (8) years, weight 74 (10) kg, height 179 (7) cm) performed an incremental field test on the badminton court to assess the heart rate turn point (HRTP) and the individual physical working capacity (PWCi) at 90% of measured maximal heart rate (HRmax). All subjects performed a 20 minute steady state test at a workload just below the PWCi.

Results: Significant correlations (p<0.05) for Pearson's product moment coefficient were found between the two methods for HR (r = 0.78) and velocity (r = 0.93). The HR at the PWCi (176 (5.5) beats/min) was significantly lower than the HRTP (179 (5.5) beats/min), but no significant difference was found for velocity (1.44 (0.3) m/s, 1.38 (0.4) m/s). The constant exercise test showed steady state conditions for both HR (175 (9) beats/min) and blood lactate concentration (3.1 (1.2) mmol/l).

Conclusion: The data indicate that a valid determination of specific aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance for the sport of badminton is possible without HRTP determination.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (134.4 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Beneke R., von Duvillard S. P. Determination of maximal lactate steady state response in selected sports events. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1996 Feb;28(2):241–246. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199602000-00013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bland J. M., Altman D. G. Comparing methods of measurement: why plotting difference against standard method is misleading. Lancet. 1995 Oct 21;346(8982):1085–1087. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91748-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bunc V., Heller J., Leso J., Sprynarová S., Zdanowicz R. Ventilatory threshold in various groups of highly trained athletes. Int J Sports Med. 1987 Aug;8(4):275–280. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1025669. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chin M. K., Wong A. S., So R. C., Siu O. T., Steininger K., Lo D. T. Sport specific fitness testing of elite badminton players. Br J Sports Med. 1995 Sep;29(3):153–157. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.29.3.153. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Conconi F., Grazzi G., Casoni I., Guglielmini C., Borsetto C., Ballarin E., Mazzoni G., Patracchini M., Manfredini F. The Conconi test: methodology after 12 years of application. Int J Sports Med. 1996 Oct;17(7):509–519. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-972887. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Docherty D. A comparison of heart rate responses in racquet games. Br J Sports Med. 1982 Jun;16(2):96–100. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.16.2.96. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Droghetti P., Borsetto C., Casoni I., Cellini M., Ferrari M., Paolini A. R., Ziglio P. G., Conconi F. Noninvasive determination of the anaerobic threshold in canoeing, cross-country skiing, cycling, roller, and ice-skating, rowing, and walking. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1985;53(4):299–303. doi: 10.1007/BF00422842. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fernández-Pastor V. J., Pérez F., García J. C., Diego A. M., Guirado F., Noguer N. Maintenance of the threshold/maximum heart rate quotient in swimmers. Rev Esp Fisiol. 1997 Sep;53(3):327–334. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Foster C., Crowe M. P., Holum D., Sandvig S., Schrager M., Snyder A. C., Zajakowski S. The bloodless lactate profile. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995 Jun;27(6):927–933. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hofmann P., Bunc V., Leitner H., Pokan R., Gaisl G. Heart rate threshold related to lactate turn point and steady-state exercise on a cycle ergometer. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1994;69(2):132–139. doi: 10.1007/BF00609405. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hofmann P., Pokan R., von Duvillard S. P., Seibert F. J., Zweiker R., Schmid P. Heart rate performance curve during incremental cycle ergometer exercise in healthy young male subjects. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997 Jun;29(6):762–768. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199706000-00005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Jones A. M., Doust J. H. Lack of reliability in Conconi's heart rate deflection point. Int J Sports Med. 1995 Nov;16(8):541–544. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-973051. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Majumdar P., Khanna G. L., Malik V., Sachdeva S., Arif M., Mandal M. Physiological analysis to quantify training load in badminton. Br J Sports Med. 1997 Dec;31(4):342–345. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.31.4.342. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Pokan R., Hofmann P., von Duvillard S. P., Smekal G., Hogler R., Tschan H., Baron R., Schmid P., Bachl N. The heart rate turn point reliability and methodological aspects. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999 Jun;31(6):903–907. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199906000-00021. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Smekal G., von Duvillard S. P., Rihacek C., Pokan R., Hofmann P., Baron R., Tschan H., Bachl N. A physiological profile of tennis match play. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001 Jun;33(6):999–1005. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200106000-00020. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Snyder A. C., Woulfe T., Welsh R., Foster C. A simplified approach to estimating the maximal lactate steady state. Int J Sports Med. 1994 Jan;15(1):27–31. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1021015. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Steininger K., Wodick R. E. Sports-specific fitness testing in squash. Br J Sports Med. 1987 Jun;21(2):23–26. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.21.2.23. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Tomlin D. L., Wenger H. A. The relationship between aerobic fitness and recovery from high intensity intermittent exercise. Sports Med. 2001;31(1):1–11. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200131010-00001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Weltman A., Snead D., Seip R., Schurrer R., Weltman J., Rutt R., Rogol A. Percentages of maximal heart rate, heart rate reserve and VO2max for determining endurance training intensity in male runners. Int J Sports Med. 1990 Jun;11(3):218–222. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1024795. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Weltman A., Weltman J., Rutt R., Seip R., Levine S., Snead D., Kaiser D., Rogol A. Percentages of maximal heart rate, heart rate reserve, and VO2peak for determining endurance training intensity in sedentary women. Int J Sports Med. 1989 Jun;10(3):212–216. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1024903. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Yoshida T., Watari H. Metabolic consequences of repeated exercise in long distance runners. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1993;67(3):261–265. doi: 10.1007/BF00864226. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from British Journal of Sports Medicine are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES