Skip to main content
PMC home page
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy logoLink to Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
. 1989 Dec;33(12):2034–2036. doi: 10.1128/aac.33.12.2034

Evaluation of an antimicrobial soap formula for virucidal efficacy in vitro against human immunodeficiency virus in a blood-virus mixture.

G C Lavelle 1, S L Gubbe 1, J L Neveaux 1, B J Bowden 1
PMCID: PMC172817  PMID: 2619271

Abstract

The virucidal efficacy of a health care personnel hand wash product containing 0.5% parachlorometaxylenol in a sodium C14-16 olefin sulfonate formula was evaluated in in vitro tests with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the presence of 50% whole human blood. The HTLV-IIIRF strain of HIV-1 was suspended in 50% medium-50% whole human blood and exposed to various dilutions of the hand wash product for 30 or 60 s. Following detoxification, residual infectivity was determined by a lytic cytopathogenic assay in MT2 cell cultures. No infectious HIV could be detected after a 30-s exposure to the hand wash product at dilutions of 1:5 and 1:10 and after a 60-s exposure at dilutions of 1:5, 1:10, 1:20, and 1:30. More than 99.9% of the virus was inactivated at these dilutions and exposure times.

Full text

PDF
2034

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Asculai S. S., Weis M. T., Rancourt M. W., Kupferberg A. B. Inactivation of herpes simplex viruses by nonionic surfactants. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1978 Apr;13(4):686–690. doi: 10.1128/aac.13.4.686. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Barré-Sinoussi F., Chermann J. C., Rey F., Nugeyre M. T., Chamaret S., Gruest J., Dauguet C., Axler-Blin C., Vézinet-Brun F., Rouzioux C. Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from a patient at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Science. 1983 May 20;220(4599):868–871. doi: 10.1126/science.6189183. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. DULBECCO R., VOGT M. Plaque formation and isolation of pure lines with poliomyelitis viruses. J Exp Med. 1954 Feb;99(2):167–182. doi: 10.1084/jem.99.2.167. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Gallo R. C., Salahuddin S. Z., Popovic M., Shearer G. M., Kaplan M., Haynes B. F., Palker T. J., Redfield R., Oleske J., Safai B. Frequent detection and isolation of cytopathic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and at risk for AIDS. Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):500–503. doi: 10.1126/science.6200936. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Gerberding J. L., Bryant-LeBlanc C. E., Nelson K., Moss A. R., Osmond D., Chambers H. F., Carlson J. R., Drew W. L., Levy J. A., Sande M. A. Risk of transmitting the human immunodeficiency virus, cytomegalovirus, and hepatitis B virus to health care workers exposed to patients with AIDS and AIDS-related conditions. J Infect Dis. 1987 Jul;156(1):1–8. doi: 10.1093/infdis/156.1.1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Harada S., Koyanagi Y., Yamamoto N. Infection of HTLV-III/LAV in HTLV-I-carrying cells MT-2 and MT-4 and application in a plaque assay. Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):563–566. doi: 10.1126/science.2992081. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Henderson D. K., Saah A. J., Zak B. J., Kaslow R. A., Lane H. C., Folks T., Blackwelder W. C., Schmitt J., LaCamera D. J., Masur H. Risk of nosocomial infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus in a large cohort of intensively exposed health care workers. Ann Intern Med. 1986 May;104(5):644–647. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-104-5-644. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Levy J. A., Hoffman A. D., Kramer S. M., Landis J. A., Shimabukuro J. M., Oshiro L. S. Isolation of lymphocytopathic retroviruses from San Francisco patients with AIDS. Science. 1984 Aug 24;225(4664):840–842. doi: 10.1126/science.6206563. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Martin L. S., McDougal J. S., Loskoski S. L. Disinfection and inactivation of the human T lymphotropic virus type III/Lymphadenopathy-associated virus. J Infect Dis. 1985 Aug;152(2):400–403. doi: 10.1093/infdis/152.2.400. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Polsky B., Baron P. A., Gold J. W., Smith J. L., Jensen R. H., Armstrong D. In vitro inactivation of HIV-1 by contraceptive sponge containing nonoxynol-9. Lancet. 1988 Jun 25;1(8600):1456–1456. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(88)92261-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Popovic M., Sarngadharan M. G., Read E., Gallo R. C. Detection, isolation, and continuous production of cytopathic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and pre-AIDS. Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):497–500. doi: 10.1126/science.6200935. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Scott F. W. Virucidal disinfectants and feline viruses. Am J Vet Res. 1980 Mar;41(3):410–414. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Shaw G. M., Hahn B. H., Arya S. K., Groopman J. E., Gallo R. C., Wong-Staal F. Molecular characterization of human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type III in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Science. 1984 Dec 7;226(4679):1165–1171. doi: 10.1126/science.6095449. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Tan J. A., Schnagl R. D. Inactivation of a rotavirus by disinfectants. Med J Aust. 1981 Jan 10;1(1):19–23. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1981.tb135281.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Vince R., Hua M., Brownell J., Daluge S., Lee F. C., Shannon W. M., Lavelle G. C., Qualls J., Weislow O. S., Kiser R. Potent and selective activity of a new carbocyclic nucleoside analog (carbovir: NSC 614846) against human immunodeficiency virus in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Oct 31;156(2):1046–1053. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(88)80950-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Weiss S. H., Goedert J. J., Gartner S., Popovic M., Waters D., Markham P., di Marzo Veronese F., Gail M. H., Barkley W. E., Gibbons J. Risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection among laboratory workers. Science. 1988 Jan 1;239(4835):68–71. doi: 10.1126/science.3336776. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Wong-Staal F., Shaw G. M., Hahn B. H., Salahuddin S. Z., Popovic M., Markham P., Redfield R., Gallo R. C. Genomic diversity of human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III). Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):759–762. doi: 10.1126/science.2992084. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES