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. 2000 Feb;83(2):237–240. doi: 10.1136/heart.83.2.237

Interventional catheterisation. Opening up II: venous return, the atrial septum, the arterial duct, aortopulmonary shunts, and aortopulmonary collaterals

J Gibbs 1
PMCID: PMC1729304  PMID: 10648504

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Figure 1:  .

Figure 1:  

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(A) Severe, symptomatic obstruction of the superior caval vein, with multiple small collateral channels, in a child who had undergone cardiac transplantation following numerous palliative operations for complex congenital heart disease. There was little improvement after simple balloon dilatation (using axillary venotomy), but stent implantation (B) produced complete relief of obstruction.

Figure 2:  .

Figure 2:  

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(A) Obstruction in the systemic venous pathway in a 14 year old after Mustard's operation for transposition. The patch sewn inside the atria to redirect systemic venous return to the mitral valve and left ventricle has become distorted, causing a shelf like obstruction (arrowed). Balloon dilatation has resulted in sufficient widening of the pathway (B) to relieve completely symptoms of venous hypertension (protein losing enteropathy in this case). IVC, inferior vena cava; LV, left ventricle.

Figure 3:  .

Figure 3:  

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(A) Severe obstruction of a classical Blalock-Taussig shunt in a teenager with complex pulmonary atresia. There was almost complete recoil after simple balloon dilatation but stent implantation notably improved blood flow to the right lung (B).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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