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. 2000 Jul;84(1):59–63. doi: 10.1136/heart.84.1.59

Intracardiac pressures in the human fetus

P Johnson 1, D Maxwell 1, M Tynan 1, L Allan 1
PMCID: PMC1729389  PMID: 10862590

Abstract

OBJECTIVE—To obtain normal values for intracardiac pressures in the human
 fetus.
DESIGN—Intracardiac pressures were measured directly in the four chambers of the human fetal heart during clinically indicated invasive obstetric procedures.
SETTING—Department of fetal medicine in a tertiary referral centre.
PATIENTS—39 fetuses between 16 and 29 weeks of gestation.
RESULTS—The ventricular waveforms obtained were similar to those found in postnatal life. There was an increase in ventricular systolic and end diastolic pressures with advancing gestation. There was no difference between left and right ventricular pressures. Atrial pressures were equal and remained constant in the gestational age range studied.
CONCLUSIONS—Fetal cardiovascular pressure measurements in the normal fetus assist in understanding the fetal circulation, and provide a basis for the assessment of cases of congenital heart disease that may be amenable to intrauterine treatment.


Keywords: fetus; ventricular pressure; congenital heart disease

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Figure 1  .

Figure 1  

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Pressure waveform of (A) left and (B) right ventricle in a normal fetal heart at 22 weeks' gestation

Figure 2  .

Figure 2  

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Plot of left ventricular pressure showing regression lines (coefficient 1.7416 (systolic), 0.7018 (diastolic)). LV, left ventricle.

Figure 3  .

Figure 3  

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Plot of right ventricular pressure showing regression lines (coefficient 2.2410 (systolic), 0.6037 (diastolic)). RV, right ventricle.

Figure 4  .

Figure 4  

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Left ventricular pressure waveforms at (A) 16 weeks and (B) 27 weeks showing the change in appearance of atrial contraction.

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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