Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1997 Jan;65(1):236–241. doi: 10.1128/iai.65.1.236-241.1997

Analysis of T-cell responses in cattle immunized against heartwater by vaccination with killed elementary bodies of Cowdria ruminantium.

P Totté 1, D McKeever 1, D Martinez 1, A Bensaid 1
PMCID: PMC174581  PMID: 8975917

Abstract

Cattle were successfully immunized against heartwater with a lysate of Cowdria ruminantium formulated in Freund's adjuvant. Vaccinated animals proved fully resistant to virulent challenge 3 and 10 months after vaccination. For the first time a helper T lymphocyte response to Cowdria antigens was observed and characterized. Cowdria-specific T-cell lines generated from vaccinated animals by in vitro restimulation with Cowdria lysates are 95 to 100% CD4+, are MHC class II restricted, and produce gamma interferon. They proliferate in response to autologous monocytes infected with live Cowdria but not in response to uninfected monocytes. These T-cell lines will facilitate the search for Cowdria antigens that are immunogenic for T cells and will therefore be of relevance in the development of a subunit vaccine against the disease.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (204.1 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BOVARNICK M. R., MILLER J. C., SNYDER J. C. The influence of certain salts, amino acids, sugars, and proteins on the stability of rickettsiae. J Bacteriol. 1950 Apr;59(4):509–522. doi: 10.1128/jb.59.4.509-522.1950. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Baldwin C. L., Teale A. J., Naessens J. G., Goddeeris B. M., MacHugh N. D., Morrison W. I. Characterization of a subset of bovine T lymphocytes that express BoT4 by monoclonal antibodies and function: similarity to lymphocytes defined by human T4 and murine L3T4. J Immunol. 1986 Jun 15;136(12):4385–4391. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Byrom B., Mahan S. M., Barbet A. F. The development of antibody to Cowdria ruminantium in mice and its role in heartwater disease. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop. 1993;46(1-2):197–201. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Du Plessis J. L., Berche P., Van Gas L. T cell-mediated immunity to Cowdria ruminantium in mice: the protective role of Lyt-2+ T cells. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1991 Sep;58(3):171–179. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Du Plessis J. L. Immunity in heartwater. I. A preliminary note on the role of serum antibodies. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1970 Sep;37(3):147–149. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Fraser D. C., Craigmile S., Campbell J. D., Oliver R. A., Brown D. J., Russell G. C., Spooner R. L., Glass E. J. Functional expression of a cattle MHC class II DR-like antigen on mouse L cells. Immunogenetics. 1996;43(5):296–303. doi: 10.1007/BF02440997. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Goddeeris B. M., Baldwin C. L., ole-MoiYoi O., Morrison W. I. Improved methods for purification and depletion of monocytes from bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Functional evaluation of monocytes in responses to lectins. J Immunol Methods. 1986 May 22;89(2):165–173. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(86)90354-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Jongejan F. Protective immunity to heartwater (Cowdria ruminantium infection) is acquired after vaccination with in vitro-attenuated rickettsiae. Infect Immun. 1991 Feb;59(2):729–731. doi: 10.1128/iai.59.2.729-731.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Jongejan F., Vogel S. W., Gueye A., Uilenberg G. Vaccination against heartwater using in vitro attenuated Cowdria ruminantium organisms. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop. 1993;46(1-2):223–227. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Keene J. A., Forman J. Helper activity is required for the in vivo generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1982 Mar 1;155(3):768–782. doi: 10.1084/jem.155.3.768. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. MacHugh N. D., Bensaid A., Howard C. J., Davis W. C., Morrison W. I. Analysis of the reactivity of anti-bovine CD8 monoclonal antibodies with cloned T cell lines and mouse L-cells transfected with bovine CD8. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1991 Jan;27(1-3):169–172. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(91)90096-u. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Mahan S. M., Andrew H. R., Tebele N., Burridge M. J., Barbet A. F. Immunisation of sheep against heartwater with inactivated Cowdria ruminantium. Res Vet Sci. 1995 Jan;58(1):46–49. doi: 10.1016/0034-5288(95)90087-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Mahan S. M., Sileghem M., Smith G. E., Byrom B. Neutralization of bovine concanavalin-A T cell supernatant-mediated anti-Cowdria ruminantium activity with antibodies specific to interferon gamma but not to tumor necrosis factor. Parasite Immunol. 1996 Jun;18(6):317–324. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-106.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Martinez D., Maillard J. C., Coisne S., Sheikboudou C., Bensaid A. Protection of goats against heartwater acquired by immunisation with inactivated elementary bodies of Cowdria ruminantium. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1994 May;41(1-2):153–163. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(94)90064-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Martinez D., Swinkels J., Camus E., Jongejan F. Comparaison de trois antigènes pour le sérodiagnostic de la cowdriose par immunofluorescence indirecte. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop. 1990;43(2):159–166. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Mizuochi T., Golding H., Rosenberg A. S., Glimcher L. H., Malek T. R., Singer A. Both L3T4+ and Lyt-2+ helper T cells initiate cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses against allogenic major histocompatibility antigens but not against trinitrophenyl-modified self. J Exp Med. 1985 Aug 1;162(2):427–443. doi: 10.1084/jem.162.2.427. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Naessens J., Sileghem M., MacHugh N., Park Y. H., Davis W. C., Toye P. Selection of BoCD25 monoclonal antibodies by screening mouse L cells transfected with the bovine p55-interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor gene. Immunology. 1992 Jun;76(2):305–309. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Pienaar J. G. Electron microscopy of Cowdria (Rickettsia) ruminantium (Cowdry, 1926) in the endothelial cells of the vertebrate host. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1970 Mar;37(1):67–78. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Tevethia S. S., Flyer D. C., Tjian R. Biology of simian virus 40 (SV40) transplantation antigen (TrAg). VI. Mechanism of induction of SV40 transplantation immunity in mice by purified SV40 T antigen (D2 protein). Virology. 1980 Nov;107(1):13–23. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(80)90268-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Totté P., Blankaert D., Marique T., Kirkpatrick C., Van Vooren J. P., Wérenne J. Bovine and human endothelial cell growth on collagen microspheres and their infection with the rickettsia Cowdria ruminantium: prospects for cells and vaccine production. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop. 1993;46(1-2):153–156. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Totté P., Blankaert D., Zilimwabagabo P., Wérenne J. Inhibition of Cowdria ruminantium infectious yield by interferons alpha and gamma in endothelial cells. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop. 1993;46(1-2):189–194. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Totté P., Jongejan F., de Gee A. L., Wérenne J. Production of alpha interferon in Cowdria ruminantium-infected cattle and its effect on infected endothelial cell cultures. Infect Immun. 1994 Jun;62(6):2600–2604. doi: 10.1128/iai.62.6.2600-2604.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Totté P., Vachiery N., Martinez D., Trap I., Ballingall K. T., MacHugh N. D., Bensaid A., Wérenne J. Recombinant bovine interferon gamma inhibits the growth of Cowdria ruminantium but fails to induce major histocompatibility complex class II following infection of endothelial cells. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1996 Sep;53(1-2):61–71. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(96)05603-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Toye P. G., MacHugh N. D., Bensaid A. M., Alberti S., Teale A. J., Morrison W. I. Transfection into mouse L cells of genes encoding two serologically and functionally distinct bovine class I MHC molecules from a MHC-homozygous animal: evidence for a second class I locus in cattle. Immunology. 1990 May;70(1):20–26. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Uilenberg G. Heartwater (Cowdria ruminantium infection): current status. Adv Vet Sci Comp Med. 1983;27:427–480. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Weiss E., Coolbaugh J. C., Williams J. C. Separation of viable Rickettsia typhi from yolk sac and L cell host components by renografin density gradient centrifugation. Appl Microbiol. 1975 Sep;30(3):456–463. doi: 10.1128/am.30.3.456-463.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Williams D. J., Newson J., Naessens J. Quantitation of bovine immunoglobulin isotypes and allotypes using monoclonal antibodies. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1990 Mar;24(3):267–283. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(90)90042-q. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Yamada A., Ziese M. R., Young J. F., Yamada Y. K., Ennis F. A. Influenza virus hemagglutinin-specific cytotoxic T cell response induced by polypeptide produced in Escherichia coli. J Exp Med. 1985 Aug 1;162(2):663–674. doi: 10.1084/jem.162.2.663. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES