Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (114.5 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Caraballo R. S., Giovino G. A., Pechacek T. F., Mowery P. D., Richter P. A., Strauss W. J., Sharp D. J., Eriksen M. P., Pirkle J. L., Maurer K. R. Racial and ethnic differences in serum cotinine levels of cigarette smokers: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1991. JAMA. 1998 Jul 8;280(2):135–139. doi: 10.1001/jama.280.2.135. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Doll R., Peto R. The causes of cancer: quantitative estimates of avoidable risks of cancer in the United States today. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1981 Jun;66(6):1191–1308. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mendez D., Warner K. E., Courant P. N. Effects of radon mitigation vs smoking cessation in reducing radon-related risk of lung cancer. Am J Public Health. 1998 May;88(5):811–812. doi: 10.2105/ajph.88.5.811. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Parker S. L., Davis K. J., Wingo P. A., Ries L. A., Heath C. W., Jr Cancer statistics by race and ethnicity. CA Cancer J Clin. 1998 Jan-Feb;48(1):31–48. doi: 10.3322/canjclin.48.1.31. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pérez-Stable E. J., Herrera B., Jacob P., 3rd, Benowitz N. L. Nicotine metabolism and intake in black and white smokers. JAMA. 1998 Jul 8;280(2):152–156. doi: 10.1001/jama.280.2.152. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thun M. J., Lally C. A., Flannery J. T., Calle E. E., Flanders W. D., Heath C. W., Jr Cigarette smoking and changes in the histopathology of lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 Nov 5;89(21):1580–1586. doi: 10.1093/jnci/89.21.1580. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]