Abstract
When conducting research on burnout, it may be difficult to decide whether one should report results separately for each burnout dimension or whether one should combine the dimensions. Although the multidimensionality of the burnout concept is widely acknowledged, for research purposes it is sometimes convenient to regard burnout as a unidimensional construct. This article deals with the question of whether and when it may be appropriate to treat burnout as a unidimensional variable, and presents a decision rule to distinguish between people high and low in burnout. To develop a guideline for obtaining a dichotomous measure of burnout, the scores on the Utrecht Burnout Scale (UBOS) of 44 well functioning individuals were compared with the scores of 29 individuals diagnosed as suffering from burnout. Based on these data, the authors recommend the "exhaustion + 1" criterion for research in non-clinical populations. Following this criterion, individuals can be considered as burnt out when they report, compared to a norm group, high emotional exhaustion, in combination with high depersonalisation or low personal accomplishment. The criterion may be used to estimate the percentage in a sample of individuals in a state of burnout.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (161.0 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Lee R. T., Ashforth B. E. A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout. J Appl Psychol. 1996 Apr;81(2):123–133. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.81.2.123. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maslach C., Schaufeli W. B., Leiter M. P. Job burnout. Annu Rev Psychol. 2001;52:397–422. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- van Dierendonck D., Schaufeli W. B., Buunk B. P. Burnout and inequity among human service professionals: a longitudinal study. J Occup Health Psychol. 2001 Jan;6(1):43–52. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]