Table 2.
Doppler echocardiographic results in the three groups
| Age matched normal controls (n=33) | Range (2 SD) in 105 normal subjects | DHF | SHF | p Value (ANOVA) | |
| Age (years) | 64.9 (1.46) | 18.1–76.2 | 70.4 (2.07) | 65.4 (2.09) | >0.112 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 73.2 (2.17) | 51.4–92.0 | 77.3 (3.12) | 78.5 (1.88) | <0.053 |
| LVEDD (cm) | 4.52 (0.07) | 3.54–5.55 | 5.16 (0.24) | 6.27 (0.13) | <0.001 |
| LVEF (2D) | 0.67 (0.01) | 0.56–0.82 | 0.54 (0.02) | 0.32 (0.01) | <0.001 |
| LVEFAVPD | 0.66 (0.01) | 0.55–0.86 | 0.53 (0.02) | 0.33 (0.01) | <0.001 |
| FS | 0.35 (0.01) | 0.24–0.50 | 0.28 (0.02) | 0.15 (0.01) | <0.001 |
| E/AMV | 0.97 (0.05) | 0.6–1.76 | 0.92 (0.13) | 1.66 (0.14) | <0.001 |
| DTMV (s) | 0.19 (0.01) | 0.11–0.25 | 0.26 (0.02) | 0.18 (0.01) | <0.001 |
| IVRTMV (s) | 0.09 (0.01) | 0.07–0.11 | 0.14 (0.03) | 0.10 (0.01) | >0.027 |
| SLAX (cm) | 1.30 (0.02) | 1.05–1.74 | 1.05 (0.03) | 0.69 (0.03) | <0.001 |
| ELAX (cm) | 0.74 (0.03) | 0.49–1.33 | 0.59 (0.03) | 0.41 (0.02) | <0.001 |
| ALAX (cm) | 0.55 (0.01) | 0.37–0.69 | 0.52 (0.02) | 0.32 (0.02) | <0.001 |
| DTLAX (s) | 0.12 (0.00) | 0.09–0.15 | 0.16 (0.01) | 0.15 (0.01) | <0.001 |
| Sm (cm/s) | 6.10 (0.14) | 4.73–9.24 | 4.81 (0.23) | 2.76 (0.13) | <0.001 |
| Em (cm/s) | 6.78 (0.28) | 4.57–12.83 | 4.11 (0.29) | 3.10 (0.19) | <0.001 |
| Am (cm/s) | 7.91 (0.25) | 4.57–10.27 | 7.15 (0.33) | 3.91 (0.25) | <0.001 |
| IVRTm (s) | 0.72 (0.03) | 0.38–0.96 | 1.03 (0.02) | 1.09 (0.05) | <0.009 |
Values are mean (SEM).
ALAX, late diastolic annular motion; Am, late diastolic myocardial velocity by colour Doppler myocardial imaging; ANOVA, analysis of variance; DHF, diastolic heart failure; DTLAX, deceleration time of early mitral annular diastolic excursion by long axis M mode echocardiography; DTMV, deceleration time of peak early Doppler mitral filling velocity; E/AMV, ratio of early to late Doppler mitral inflow velocities; ELAX, early mitral diastolic excursion by long axis M mode echocardiography; Em, early diastolic myocardial velocity by colour Doppler myocardial imaging; FS, fractional shortening; IVRTm, isovolumic myocardial relaxation time by colour Doppler myocardial imaging; IVRTMV, isovolumic relaxation time from the Doppler mitral and aortic flow pattern; LVEDD, left ventricular end diastolic dimension; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEFAVPD, left ventricular ejection fraction from atrioventricular plane method; SHF, systolic heart failure; SLAX, mitral annular excursion in systole by long axis M mode echocardiography; Sm, mitral annular velocities by colour Doppler myocardial imaging; 2D, modified cross sectional Simpson's method.