Expression of transforming growth factor β-1 (TGFβ-1) in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). Immunostaining with anti-synaptophysin antibody (A, C, E) and anti-TGFβ-1 antibody (B, D, F). Representative results of 12 tumour samples analysed. TGFβ-1 was detected in tumour cells (D, arrows), mesenchyme (B, arrows), or in both cell types (F, arrows), as derived from serial sections stained with synaptophysin to detect NET cells. Original magnifications ×20.