Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Archives of Disease in Childhood logoLink to Archives of Disease in Childhood
. 1986 Nov;61(11):1056–1062. doi: 10.1136/adc.61.11.1056

Sleep apnoea during upper respiratory infection and metabolic alkalosis in infancy.

F A Abreu e Silva, U M MacFadyen, A Williams, H Simpson
PMCID: PMC1778081  PMID: 3789786

Abstract

Three to four hour polygraphic sleep studies were carried out in 10 infants, five with upper respiratory infection and five with metabolic alkalosis secondary to vomiting during and after recovery from illness. During upper respiratory infection, the main abnormality detected was brief (greater than 3 less than 6 seconds) or prolonged (greater than 6 seconds) attacks of obstructive apnoea. Other indices of apnoea were similar to recovery data. Gross body movements were also increased. In infants with metabolic alkalosis indices of central apnoea were significantly increased when compared with recovery or case control data. Prolonged (greater than 15 seconds) attacks of central apnoea and obstructive apnoea (greater than 6 seconds) were only observed during illness. Gross body movements and periodic breathing were also increased. These findings suggest that the functional consequences of apparently 'mild' illnesses in young infants may be greater than is generally suspected and perhaps relevant to mechanism(s) of death in sudden infant death syndrome.

Full text

PDF
1056

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Abreu e Silva F. A., Brezinova V., Simpson H. Sleep apnoea in acute bronchiolitis. Arch Dis Child. 1982 Jun;57(6):467–472. doi: 10.1136/adc.57.6.467. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Abreu e Silva F. A., MacFadyen U. M., Williams A., Simpson H. Sleep apnoea in infancy. J R Soc Med. 1985 Dec;78(12):1005–1008. doi: 10.1177/014107688507801205. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. BOWDEN K. M., FRENCH E. L. Unexpected death in infants and young children; second series. Med J Aust. 1951 Jun 30;1(26):925–933. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1951.tb88568.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Brady J. P., Ariagno R. L., Watts J. L., Goldman S. L., Dumpit F. M. Apnea, hypoxemia, and aborted sudden infant death syndrome. Pediatrics. 1978 Nov;62(5):686–691. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bruhn F. W., Mokrohisky S. T., McIntosh K. Apnea associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in young infants. J Pediatr. 1977 Mar;90(3):382–386. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(77)80697-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. CARPENTER R. G., SHADDICK C. W. ROLE OF INFECTION, SUFFOCATION, AND BOTTLE-FEEDING IN COT DEATH; AN ANALYSIS OF SOME FACTORS IN THE HISTORIES OF 110 CASES AND THEIR CONTROLS. Br J Prev Soc Med. 1965 Jan;19:1–7. doi: 10.1136/jech.19.1.1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. CROWLEY E. M., EMERY J. L. Clinical histories of infants reported to coroner as cases of sudden unexpected death. Br Med J. 1956 Dec 29;2(5008):1518–1521. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5008.1518. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Cameron J. M., Watson E. Sudden death in infancy in Inner North London. J Pathol. 1975 Sep;117(1):55–61. doi: 10.1002/path.1711170108. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Carpenter R. G., Gardner A., McWeeny P. M., Emery J. L. Multistage scoring system for identifying infants at risk of unexpected death. Arch Dis Child. 1977 Aug;52(8):606–612. doi: 10.1136/adc.52.8.606. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Carpenter R. G., Gardner A., Pursall E., McWeeny P. M., Emery J. L. Identification of some infants at immediate risk of dying unexpectedly and justifying intensive study. Lancet. 1979 Aug 18;2(8138):343–346. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(79)90355-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Degn J. K., Wamberg S., Engel K., Kildeberg P. Metabolic alkalosis in obstructive vomiting. Volume depletion and balance of net acid. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1974 Jul;63(4):537–548. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1974.tb04844.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gould J. B., Lee A. F., Cook P., Morelock S. Apnea and sleep state in infants with nasopharyngitis. Pediatrics. 1980 Apr;65(4):713–717. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Guilleminault C., Ariagno R., Korobkin R., Nagel L., Baldwin R., Coons S., Owen M. Mixed and obstructive sleep apnea and near miss for sudden infant death syndrome: 2. Comparison of near miss and normal control infants by age. Pediatrics. 1979 Dec;64(6):882–891. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Mitchell I., Barclay R. P., Railton R., Fisher J., Conely J. Frequency and severity of apnoea in lower respiratory tract infection in infancy. Arch Dis Child. 1983 Jul;58(7):497–499. doi: 10.1136/adc.58.7.497. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Parmelee A. H., Stern E., Harris M. A. Maturation of respiration in prematures and young infants. Neuropadiatrie. 1972 Mar;3(3):294–304. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1091768. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Phillipson E. A. Control of breathing during sleep. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978 Nov;118(5):909–939. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1978.118.5.909. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. STEVENS L. H. SUDDEN UNEXPLAINED DEATH IN INFANCY. OBSERVATIONS ON A NATURAL MECHANISM OF ADOPTION OF THE FACE DOWN POSITION. Am J Dis Child. 1965 Sep;110:243–247. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Stanton A. N., Downham M. A., Oakley J. R., Emery J. L., Knowelden J. Terminal symptoms in children dying suddenly and unexpectedly at home. Preliminary report of the DHSS multicentre study of postneonatal mortality. Br Med J. 1978 Nov 4;2(6147):1249–1251. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.6147.1249. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Steinschneider A. Nasopharyngitis and prolonged sleep Apnea. Pediatrics. 1975 Dec;56(6):967–971. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Steinschneider A. Prolonged apnea and the sudden infant death syndrome: clinical and laboratory observations. Pediatrics. 1972 Oct;50(4):646–654. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Williams A. L. Tracheobronchitis and sudden infant death syndrome. Pathology. 1980 Jan;12(1):73–78. doi: 10.3109/00313028009060055. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. van Someren V., Stothers J. K. A critical dissection of obstructive apnea in the human infant. Pediatrics. 1983 May;71(5):721–725. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Archives of Disease in Childhood are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES