Skip to main content
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1996 May;178(10):2861–2866. doi: 10.1128/jb.178.10.2861-2866.1996

Purification of a novel coenzyme F420-dependent glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Mycobacterium smegmatis.

E Purwantini 1, L Daniels 1
PMCID: PMC178021  PMID: 8631674

Abstract

A variety of Mycobacterium species contained the 5-deazaflavin coenzyme known as F420. Mycobacterium smegmatis was found to have a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase that was dependent on F420 as an electron acceptor and which did not utilize NAD or NADP. The enzyme was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, phenyl-Sepharose column chromatography, F420-ether-linked aminohexyl-Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography, and quaternary aminoethyl-Sephadex column chromatography, and the sequence of the first 26 N-terminal amino acids has been determined. The response of enzyme activity to a range of pHs revealed a two-peak pattern, with maxima at pH 5.5 and 8.0. The apparent Km values for F420 and glucose-6-phosphate were, respectively, 0.004 and 1.6 mM. The apparent native and subunit molecular masses were 78,000 and approximately 40,000 Da, respectively.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (386.5 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bai N. J., Pai M. R., Murthy P. S., Venkitasubramanian T. A. Pathways of glucose catabolism in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Can J Microbiol. 1976 Sep;22(9):1374–1380. doi: 10.1139/m76-201. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Ben-Bassat A., Goldberg I. Purification and properties of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP+/NAD+) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (NADP+/NAD+) from methanol-grown Pseudomonas C. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1980 Jan 11;611(1):1–10. doi: 10.1016/0005-2744(80)90036-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Benziman M., Mazover A. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide- and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-specific glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenases of Acetobacter xylinum and their role in the regulation of the pentose cycle. J Biol Chem. 1973 Mar 10;248(5):1603–1608. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bleicher K., Winter J. Purification and properties of F420- and NADP(+)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases of Methanogenium liminatans and Methanobacterium palustre, specific for secondary alcohols. Eur J Biochem. 1991 Aug 15;200(1):43–51. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb21046.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bradford M. M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem. 1976 May 7;72:248–254. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Busillo C. P., Lessnau K. D., Sanjana V., Soumakis S., Davidson M., Mullen M. P., Talavera W. Multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Chest. 1992 Sep;102(3):797–801. doi: 10.1378/chest.102.3.797. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. COUSINS F. B. The prosthetic group of a chromoprotin from mycobacteria. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1960 Jun 3;40:532–534. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(60)91396-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Coats J. H., Li G. P., Kuo M. S., Yurek D. A. Discovery, production, and biological assay of an unusual flavenoid cofactor involved in lincomycin biosynthesis. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1989 Mar;42(3):472–474. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.42.472. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Csonka L. N., Fraenkel D. G. Pathways of NADPH formation in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1977 May 25;252(10):3382–3391. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Daniels L., Wessels D. A method for the spectrophotometric assay of anaerobic enzymes. Anal Biochem. 1984 Aug 15;141(1):232–237. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(84)90450-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Dawes E. A., Ribbons D. W., Large P. J. The route of ethanol formation in Zymomonas mobilis. Biochem J. 1966 Mar;98(3):795–803. doi: 10.1042/bj0980795. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Deppenmeier U., Blaut M., Mahlmann A., Gottschalk G. Reduced coenzyme F420: heterodisulfide oxidoreductase, a proton- translocating redox system in methanogenic bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec 1;87(23):9449–9453. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.23.9449. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. DiMarco A. A., Bobik T. A., Wolfe R. S. Unusual coenzymes of methanogenesis. Annu Rev Biochem. 1990;59:355–394. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.59.070190.002035. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Eirich L. D., Vogels G. D., Wolfe R. S. Distribution of coenzyme F420 and properties of its hydrolytic fragments. J Bacteriol. 1979 Oct;140(1):20–27. doi: 10.1128/jb.140.1.20-27.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Eirich L. D., Vogels G. D., Wolfe R. S. Proposed structure for coenzyme F420 from Methanobacterium. Biochemistry. 1978 Oct 31;17(22):4583–4593. doi: 10.1021/bi00615a002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Eker A. P., Dekker R. H., Berends W. Photoreactivating enzyme from Streptomyces griseus-IV. On the nature of the chromophoric cofactor in Streptomyces griseus photoreactivating enzyme. Photochem Photobiol. 1981 Jan;33(1):65–72. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1981.tb04298.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Eker A. P., Hessels J. K., Meerwaldt R. Characterization of an 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin:NADPH oxidoreductase from Streptomyces griseus. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1989 Jan 27;990(1):80–86. doi: 10.1016/s0304-4165(89)80015-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Frieden T. R., Sterling T., Pablos-Mendez A., Kilburn J. O., Cauthen G. M., Dooley S. W. The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis in New York City. N Engl J Med. 1993 Feb 25;328(8):521–526. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199302253280801. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Goble M., Iseman M. D., Madsen L. A., Waite D., Ackerson L., Horsburgh C. R., Jr Treatment of 171 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid and rifampin. N Engl J Med. 1993 Feb 25;328(8):527–532. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199302253280802. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Haase P., Deppenmeier U., Blaut M., Gottschalk G. Purification and characterization of F420H2-dehydrogenase from Methanolobus tindarius. Eur J Biochem. 1992 Feb 1;203(3):527–531. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb16579.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Haghighi B., Flynn T. G., Levy H. R. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Isolation and sequence of a peptide containing an essential lysine. Biochemistry. 1982 Dec 7;21(25):6415–6420. doi: 10.1021/bi00268a015. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Jacobson F. S., Daniels L., Fox J. A., Walsh C. T., Orme-Johnson W. H. Purification and properties of an 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin-reducing hydrogenase from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum. J Biol Chem. 1982 Apr 10;257(7):3385–3388. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Jayanthi Bai N., Ramachandra Pai M., Suryanarayana Murthy P., Venkitasubramanian T. A. Pathways of carbohydrate metabolism in mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv1. Can J Microbiol. 1975 Nov;21(11):1688–1691. doi: 10.1139/m75-247. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Kiener A., Husain I., Sancar A., Walsh C. Purification and properties of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum DNA photolyase. J Biol Chem. 1989 Aug 15;264(23):13880–13887. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Kunow J., Linder D., Stetter K. O., Thauer R. K. F420H2: quinone oxidoreductase from Archaeoglobus fulgidus. Characterization of a membrane-bound multisubunit complex containing FAD and iron-sulfur clusters. Eur J Biochem. 1994 Jul 15;223(2):503–511. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb19019.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Kunow J., Schwörer B., Setzke E., Thauer R. K. Si-face stereospecificity at C5 of coenzyme F420 for F420-dependent N5,N10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin dehydrogenase, F420-dependent N5,N10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin reductase and F420H2:dimethylnaphthoquinone oxidoreductase. Eur J Biochem. 1993 Jun 15;214(3):641–646. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb17964.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Kuo M. S., Yurek D. A., Coats J. H., Li G. P. Isolation and identification of 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin, an unusual cosynthetic factor in streptomycetes, from Streptomyces lincolnensis. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1989 Mar;42(3):475–478. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.42.475. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Lee W. T., Flynn T. G., Lyons C., Levy H. R. Cloning of the gene and amino acid sequence for glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jul 15;266(20):13028–13034. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Levy H. R., Cook C. Purification and properties of NADP-linked glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Acetobacter hansenii (Acetobacter xylinum). Arch Biochem Biophys. 1991 Nov 15;291(1):161–167. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(91)90119-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Ma K., Thauer R. K. Purification and properties of N5, N10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin reductase from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum (strain Marburg). Eur J Biochem. 1990 Jul 20;191(1):187–193. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1990.tb19109.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Mayerl F., Piret J., Kiener A., Walsh C. T., Yasui A. Functional expression of 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin-dependent DNA photolyase from Anacystis nidulans in Streptomyces coelicolor. J Bacteriol. 1990 Oct;172(10):6061–6065. doi: 10.1128/jb.172.10.6061-6065.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Morris J. T., McAllister C. K. Homeless individuals and drug-resistant tuberculosis in south Texas. Chest. 1992 Sep;102(3):802–804. doi: 10.1378/chest.102.3.802. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Mukhopadhyay B., Daniels L. Aerobic purification of N5,N10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin dehydrogenase, separated from N5,N10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin cyclohydrolase, from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum strain Marburg. Can J Microbiol. 1989 Apr;35(4):499–507. doi: 10.1139/m89-077. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Niehaus W. G., Mallett T. C. Purification and characterization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Cryptococcus neoformans: identification as "nothing dehydrogenase". Arch Biochem Biophys. 1994 Sep;313(2):304–309. doi: 10.1006/abbi.1994.1392. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Okuno H., Nagata K., Nakajima H. Purification and properties of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothermophilus. J Appl Biochem. 1985 Jun;7(3):192–201. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Purwantini E., Mukhopadhyay B., Spencer R. W., Daniels L. Effect of temperature on the spectral properties of coenzyme F420 and related compounds. Anal Biochem. 1992 Sep;205(2):342–350. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(92)90446-e. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. SUTTON W. B. Isolation of a new electron transport component with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate like activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1963 Jan 18;10:40–44. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(63)90264-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Schauer N. L., Ferry J. G. FAD requirement for the reduction of coenzyme F420 by formate dehydrogenase from Methanobacterium formicicum. J Bacteriol. 1983 Aug;155(2):467–472. doi: 10.1128/jb.155.2.467-472.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Sutton W. B. Properties of a new TPN-like electron transport component from Mycobacterium phlei. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1964 Apr 22;15(5):414–419. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(64)90477-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Wennekes L. M., Goosen T., van den Broek P. J., van den Broek H. W. Purification and characterization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus nidulans. J Gen Microbiol. 1993 Nov;139(11):2793–2800. doi: 10.1099/00221287-139-11-2793. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Yamazaki S., Tsai L. Purification and properties of 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin-dependent NADP+ reductase from Methanococcus vannielii. J Biol Chem. 1980 Jul 10;255(13):6462–6465. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES