Abstract
Cyclosporine is an effective drug in acute exacerbations of corticosteroid resistant ulcerative colitis, but its efficacy to maintain disease remission is not clear. Cyclosporine may not be as effective in Crohn's disease. However, being a rapidly acting immunosuppressant, cyclosporine may be a valuable therapeutic option in the short-term to treat corticosteroid resistant Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (109.9 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Bernstein C. N., Shanahan F. Cyclosporine and inflammatory bowel disease: still more questions. Gastroenterology. 1995 Mar;108(3):943–945. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bretscher P. A., Havele C. Cyclosporin A can switch the immune response induced by antigen from a humoral to a cell-mediated mode. Eur J Immunol. 1992 Feb;22(2):349–355. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830220210. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brynskov J., Freund L., Campanini M. C., Kampmann J. P. Cyclosporin pharmacokinetics after intravenous and oral administration in patients with Crohn's disease. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1992 Nov;27(11):961–967. doi: 10.3109/00365529209000171. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brynskov J., Freund L., Nørby Rasmussen S., Lauritsen K., Schaffalitzky de Muckadell O., Williams C. N., MacDonald A. S., Tanton R., Molina F., Campanini M. C. Final report on a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, multicentre trial of cyclosporin treatment in active chronic Crohn's disease. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1991 Jul;26(7):689–695. doi: 10.3109/00365529108998585. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brynskov J., Freund L., Rasmussen S. N., Lauritsen K., de Muckadell O. S., Williams N., MacDonald A. S., Tanton R., Molina F., Campanini M. C. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial of cyclosporine therapy in active chronic Crohn's disease. N Engl J Med. 1989 Sep 28;321(13):845–850. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198909283211301. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bunjes D., Hardt C., Röllinghoff M., Wagner H. Cyclosporin A mediates immunosuppression of primary cytotoxic T cell responses by impairing the release of interleukin 1 and interleukin 2. Eur J Immunol. 1981 Aug;11(8):657–661. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830110812. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Elliott J. F., Lin Y., Mizel S. B., Bleackley R. C., Harnish D. G., Paetkau V. Induction of interleukin 2 messenger RNA inhibited by cyclosporin A. Science. 1984 Dec 21;226(4681):1439–1441. doi: 10.1126/science.6334364. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Feagan B. G., McDonald J. W., Rochon J., Laupacis A., Fedorak R. N., Kinnear D., Saibil F., Groll A., Archambault A., Gillies R. Low-dose cyclosporine for the treatment of Crohn's disease. The Canadian Crohn's Relapse Prevention Trial Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1994 Jun 30;330(26):1846–1851. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199406303302602. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Feutren G., Mihatsch M. J. Risk factors for cyclosporine-induced nephropathy in patients with autoimmune diseases. International Kidney Biopsy Registry of Cyclosporine in Autoimmune Diseases. N Engl J Med. 1992 Jun 18;326(25):1654–1660. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199206183262502. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Flückiger S. S., Schmidt C., Meyer A., Kallay Z., Johnston A., Kutz K. Pharmacokinetics of orally administered cyclosporine in patients with Crohn's disease. J Clin Pharmacol. 1995 Jul;35(7):681–687. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04108.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gupta S., Keshavarzian A., Hodgson H. J. Cyclosporin in ulcerative colitis. Lancet. 1984 Dec 1;2(8414):1277–1278. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(84)92826-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kornbluth A., Present D. H., Lichtiger S., Hanauer S. Cyclosporin for severe ulcerative colitis: a user's guide. Am J Gastroenterol. 1997 Sep;92(9):1424–1428. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Levy G. A., Grant D. Neoral in liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 1996 Apr;28(2):1019–1021. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lichtiger S. Cyclosporine therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: open-label experience. Mt Sinai J Med. 1990 Oct;57(5):315–319. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lichtiger S., Present D. H., Kornbluth A., Gelernt I., Bauer J., Galler G., Michelassi F., Hanauer S. Cyclosporine in severe ulcerative colitis refractory to steroid therapy. N Engl J Med. 1994 Jun 30;330(26):1841–1845. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199406303302601. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lobo A. J., Juby L. D., Smith A. H., Foster P. N., Rothwell J., Pentith J., Poole T. W., Axon A. T. Effect of oral cyclosporin on renal function in Crohn's disease. Dig Dis Sci. 1993 Sep;38(9):1624–1630. doi: 10.1007/BF01303170. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nicholls S., Domizio P., Williams C. B., Dawnay A., Braegger C. P., MacDonald T. T., Walker-Smith J. A. Cyclosporin as initial treatment for Crohn's disease. Arch Dis Child. 1994 Sep;71(3):243–247. doi: 10.1136/adc.71.3.243. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Present D. H., Lichtiger S. Efficacy of cyclosporine in treatment of fistula of Crohn's disease. Dig Dis Sci. 1994 Feb;39(2):374–380. doi: 10.1007/BF02090211. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Quan V. A., Saunders B. P., Hicks B. H., Sladen G. E. Cyclosporin treatment for ulcerative colitis complicated by fatal Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. BMJ. 1997 Feb 1;314(7077):363–364. doi: 10.1136/bmj.314.7077.363. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sandborn W. J. A review of immune modifier therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, cyclosporine, and methotrexate. Am J Gastroenterol. 1996 Mar;91(3):423–433. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sandborn W. J., Tremaine W. J., Schroeder K. W., Batts K. P., Lawson G. M., Steiner B. L., Harrison J. M., Zinsmeister A. R. A placebo-controlled trial of cyclosporine enemas for mildly to moderately active left-sided ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 1994 Jun;106(6):1429–1435. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(94)90394-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Scalzini A., Barni C., Stellini R., Sueri L. Fatal invasive aspergillosis during cyclosporine and steroids treatment for Crohn's disease. Dig Dis Sci. 1995 Mar;40(3):528–528. doi: 10.1007/BF02064361. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stange E. F., Modigliani R., Peña A. S., Wood A. J., Feutren G., Smith P. R. European trial of cyclosporine in chronic active Crohn's disease: a 12-month study. The European Study Group. Gastroenterology. 1995 Sep;109(3):774–782. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(95)90384-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]