Abstract
Conjugative transposons are genetic elements able to promote their own intracellular transposition and intercellular conjugal transfer. They move by an excision-integration system related to that of lambdoid phages, in which the first step is the excision of the transposon from the donor replicon to form a covalently closed circular intermediate which contains a heteroduplex joint. In this work, sequencing both strands of the circular intermediate heteroduplex joint, it was found that, as during lambda phage excision, Tn916 excises from the host DNA by 5'-protruding staggered endonucleolytic cleavages.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (254.4 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Caparon M. G., Scott J. R. Excision and insertion of the conjugative transposon Tn916 involves a novel recombination mechanism. Cell. 1989 Dec 22;59(6):1027–1034. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90759-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clewell D. B., Flannagan S. E., Ike Y., Jones J. M., Gawron-Burke C. Sequence analysis of termini of conjugative transposon Tn916. J Bacteriol. 1988 Jul;170(7):3046–3052. doi: 10.1128/jb.170.7.3046-3052.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clewell D. B., Flannagan S. E., Jaworski D. D. Unconstrained bacterial promiscuity: the Tn916-Tn1545 family of conjugative transposons. Trends Microbiol. 1995 Jun;3(6):229–236. doi: 10.1016/s0966-842x(00)88930-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clewell D. B. Movable genetic elements and antibiotic resistance in enterococci. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1990 Feb;9(2):90–102. doi: 10.1007/BF01963632. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Courvalin P., Carlier C. Transposable multiple antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mol Gen Genet. 1986 Nov;205(2):291–297. doi: 10.1007/BF00430441. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Craig N. L., Nash H. A. The mechanism of phage lambda site-specific recombination: site-specific breakage of DNA by Int topoisomerase. Cell. 1983 Dec;35(3 Pt 2):795–803. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90112-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Flannagan S. E., Zitzow L. A., Su Y. A., Clewell D. B. Nucleotide sequence of the 18-kb conjugative transposon Tn916 from Enterococcus faecalis. Plasmid. 1994 Nov;32(3):350–354. doi: 10.1006/plas.1994.1077. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Franke A. E., Clewell D. B. Evidence for a chromosome-borne resistance transposon (Tn916) in Streptococcus faecalis that is capable of "conjugal" transfer in the absence of a conjugative plasmid. J Bacteriol. 1981 Jan;145(1):494–502. doi: 10.1128/jb.145.1.494-502.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gawron-Burke C., Clewell D. B. Regeneration of insertionally inactivated streptococcal DNA fragments after excision of transposon Tn916 in Escherichia coli: strategy for targeting and cloning of genes from gram-positive bacteria. J Bacteriol. 1984 Jul;159(1):214–221. doi: 10.1128/jb.159.1.214-221.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gottesman S., Abremski K. The role of HimA and Xis in lambda site-specific recombination. J Mol Biol. 1980 Apr 15;138(3):503–512. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(80)80015-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hoess R. H., Foeller C., Bidwell K., Landy A. Site-specific recombination functions of bacteriophage lambda: DNA sequence of regulatory regions and overlapping structural genes for Int and Xis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 May;77(5):2482–2486. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.5.2482. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lu F., Churchward G. Conjugative transposition: Tn916 integrase contains two independent DNA binding domains that recognize different DNA sequences. EMBO J. 1994 Apr 1;13(7):1541–1548. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06416.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lu F., Churchward G. Tn916 target DNA sequences bind the C-terminal domain of integrase protein with different affinities that correlate with transposon insertion frequency. J Bacteriol. 1995 Apr;177(8):1938–1946. doi: 10.1128/jb.177.8.1938-1946.1995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Manganelli R., Romano L., Ricci S., Zazzi M., Pozzi G. Dosage of Tn916 circular intermediates in Enterococcus faecalis. Plasmid. 1995 Jul;34(1):48–57. doi: 10.1006/plas.1995.1032. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mizuuchi K., Weisberg R., Enquist L., Mizuuchi M., Buraczynska M., Foeller C., Hsu P. L., Ross W., Landy A. Structure and function of the phage lambda att site: size, int-binding sites, and location of the crossover point. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1981;45(Pt 1):429–437. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1981.045.01.057. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Poyart-Salmeron C., Trieu-Cuot P., Carlier C., Courvalin P. Molecular characterization of two proteins involved in the excision of the conjugative transposon Tn1545: homologies with other site-specific recombinases. EMBO J. 1989 Aug;8(8):2425–2433. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08373.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Poyart-Salmeron C., Trieu-Cuot P., Carlier C., Courvalin P. The integration-excision system of the conjugative transposon Tn 1545 is structurally and functionally related to those of lambdoid phages. Mol Microbiol. 1990 Sep;4(9):1513–1521. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb02062.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pozzi G., Stellini M., Marri L., Molina A. M. Transformation as a tool for studying the epidemiology of tet determinants in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Eur J Epidemiol. 1986 Jun;2(2):90–94. doi: 10.1007/BF00157016. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Provvedi R., Manganelli R., Pozzi G. Characterization of conjugative transposon Tn5251 of Streptococcus pneumoniae. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1996 Jan 15;135(2-3):231–236. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1996.tb07994.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rudy C. K., Scott J. R. Length of the coupling sequence of Tn916. J Bacteriol. 1994 Jun;176(11):3386–3388. doi: 10.1128/jb.176.11.3386-3388.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Salyers A. A., Shoemaker N. B., Stevens A. M., Li L. Y. Conjugative transposons: an unusual and diverse set of integrated gene transfer elements. Microbiol Rev. 1995 Dec;59(4):579–590. doi: 10.1128/mr.59.4.579-590.1995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Scott J. R., Kirchman P. A., Caparon M. G. An intermediate in transposition of the conjugative transposon Tn916. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(13):4809–4813. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.13.4809. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Scott J. R. Sex and the single circle: conjugative transposition. J Bacteriol. 1992 Oct;174(19):6005–6010. doi: 10.1128/jb.174.19.6005-6010.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Storrs M. J., Poyart-Salmeron C., Trieu-Cuot P., Courvalin P. Conjugative transposition of Tn916 requires the excisive and integrative activities of the transposon-encoded integrase. J Bacteriol. 1991 Jul;173(14):4347–4352. doi: 10.1128/jb.173.14.4347-4352.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Su Y. A., Clewell D. B. Characterization of the left 4 kb of conjugative transposon Tn916: determinants involved in excision. Plasmid. 1993 Nov;30(3):234–250. doi: 10.1006/plas.1993.1055. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Trieu-Cuot P., Poyart-Salmeron C., Carlier C., Courvalin P. Sequence requirements for target activity in site-specific recombination mediated by the Int protein of transposon Tn 1545. Mol Microbiol. 1993 Apr;8(1):179–185. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01214.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]