Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1997 Feb;179(4):1409–1412. doi: 10.1128/jb.179.4.1409-1412.1997

Plasmid virulence gene expression induced by short-chain fatty acids in Salmonella dublin: identification of rpoS-dependent and rpo-S-independent mechanisms.

A El-Gedaily 1, G Paesold 1, C Y Chen 1, D G Guiney 1, M Krause 1
PMCID: PMC178844  PMID: 9023230

Abstract

The Salmonella plasmid virulence spvABCD genes are growth phase regulated and require RpoS for maximal expression in stationary phase. We identified a growth phase-independent expression of spv which is mediated by short-chain fatty acids. During this fatty acid-mediated expression of spv, RpoS is required for induction only during exponential phase. In stationary phase, an rpoS-independent mechanism is responsible for expression of spv.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (191.3 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Abe A., Matsui H., Danbara H., Tanaka K., Takahashi H., Kawahara K. Regulation of spvR gene expression of Salmonella virulence plasmid pKDSC50 in Salmonella choleraesuis serovar Choleraesuis. Mol Microbiol. 1994 Jun;12(5):779–787. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01064.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Amann E., Ochs B., Abel K. J. Tightly regulated tac promoter vectors useful for the expression of unfused and fused proteins in Escherichia coli. Gene. 1988 Sep 30;69(2):301–315. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(88)90440-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Caldwell A. L., Gulig P. A. The Salmonella typhimurium virulence plasmid encodes a positive regulator of a plasmid-encoded virulence gene. J Bacteriol. 1991 Nov;173(22):7176–7185. doi: 10.1128/jb.173.22.7176-7185.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chen C. Y., Buchmeier N. A., Libby S., Fang F. C., Krause M., Guiney D. G. Central regulatory role for the RpoS sigma factor in expression of Salmonella dublin plasmid virulence genes. J Bacteriol. 1995 Sep;177(18):5303–5309. doi: 10.1128/jb.177.18.5303-5309.1995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chikami G. K., Fierer J., Guiney D. G. Plasmid-mediated virulence in Salmonella dublin demonstrated by use of a Tn5-oriT construct. Infect Immun. 1985 Nov;50(2):420–424. doi: 10.1128/iai.50.2.420-424.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Coynault C., Robbe-Saule V., Popoff M. Y., Norel F. Growth phase and SpvR regulation of transcription of Salmonella typhimurium spvABC virulence genes. Microb Pathog. 1992 Aug;13(2):133–143. doi: 10.1016/0882-4010(92)90073-w. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fang F. C., Krause M., Roudier C., Fierer J., Guiney D. G. Growth regulation of a Salmonella plasmid gene essential for virulence. J Bacteriol. 1991 Nov;173(21):6783–6789. doi: 10.1128/jb.173.21.6783-6789.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fang F. C., Libby S. J., Buchmeier N. A., Loewen P. C., Switala J., Harwood J., Guiney D. G. The alternative sigma factor katF (rpoS) regulates Salmonella virulence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Dec 15;89(24):11978–11982. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.24.11978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Fierer J., Eckmann L., Fang F., Pfeifer C., Finlay B. B., Guiney D. Expression of the Salmonella virulence plasmid gene spvB in cultured macrophages and nonphagocytic cells. Infect Immun. 1993 Dec;61(12):5231–5236. doi: 10.1128/iai.61.12.5231-5236.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Grob P., Guiney D. G. In vitro binding of the Salmonella dublin virulence plasmid regulatory protein SpvR to the promoter regions of spvA and spvR. J Bacteriol. 1996 Apr;178(7):1813–1820. doi: 10.1128/jb.178.7.1813-1820.1996. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Guiney D. G., Fang F. C., Krause M., Libby S. Plasmid-mediated virulence genes in non-typhoid Salmonella serovars. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1994 Nov 15;124(1):1–9. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb07253.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gulig P. A., Danbara H., Guiney D. G., Lax A. J., Norel F., Rhen M. Molecular analysis of spv virulence genes of the Salmonella virulence plasmids. Mol Microbiol. 1993 Mar;7(6):825–830. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01172.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Heiskanen P., Taira S., Rhen M. Role of rpoS in the regulation of Salmonella plasmid virulence (spv) genes. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1994 Oct 15;123(1-2):125–130. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb07211.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kowarz L., Coynault C., Robbe-Saule V., Norel F. The Salmonella typhimurium katF (rpoS) gene: cloning, nucleotide sequence, and regulation of spvR and spvABCD virulence plasmid genes. J Bacteriol. 1994 Nov;176(22):6852–6860. doi: 10.1128/jb.176.22.6852-6860.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Krause M., Fang F. C., Guiney D. G. Regulation of plasmid virulence gene expression in Salmonella dublin involves an unusual operon structure. J Bacteriol. 1992 Jul;174(13):4482–4489. doi: 10.1128/jb.174.13.4482-4489.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Krause M., Fang F. C., el-Gedaily A., Libby S., Guiney D. G. Mutational analysis of SpvR binding to DNA in the regulation of the Salmonella plasmid virulence operon. Plasmid. 1995 Jul;34(1):37–47. doi: 10.1006/plas.1995.1031. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Matsui H., Abe A., Suzuki S., Kijima M., Tamura Y., Nakamura M., Kawahara K., Danbara H. Molecular mechanism of the regulation of expression of plasmid-encoded mouse bacteremia (mba) genes in Salmonella serovar Choleraesuis. Mol Gen Genet. 1993 Jan;236(2-3):219–226. doi: 10.1007/BF00277116. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Norel F., Robbe-Saule V., Popoff M. Y., Coynault C. The putative sigma factor KatF (RpoS) is required for the transcription of the Salmonella typhimurium virulence gene spvB in Escherichia coli. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1992 Dec 1;78(2-3):271–276. doi: 10.1016/0378-1097(92)90039-q. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. O'Byrne C. P., Dorman C. J. The spv virulence operon of Salmonella typhimurium LT2 is regulated negatively by the cyclic AMP (cAMP)-cAMP receptor protein system. J Bacteriol. 1994 Feb;176(3):905–912. doi: 10.1128/jb.176.3.905-912.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. O'Byrne C. P., Dorman C. J. Transcription of the Salmonella typhimurium spv virulence locus is regulated negatively by the nucleoid-associated protein H-NS. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1994 Aug 1;121(1):99–105. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb07082.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rhen M., Riikonen P., Taira S. Transcriptional regulation of Salmonella enterica virulence plasmid genes in cultured macrophages. Mol Microbiol. 1993 Oct;10(1):45–56. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb00902.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Salanitro J. P., Wegener W. S. Growth of Escherichia coli on short-chain fatty acids: growth characteristics of mutants. J Bacteriol. 1971 Nov;108(2):885–892. doi: 10.1128/jb.108.2.885-892.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Schellhorn H. E., Stones V. L. Regulation of katF and katE in Escherichia coli K-12 by weak acids. J Bacteriol. 1992 Jul;174(14):4769–4776. doi: 10.1128/jb.174.14.4769-4776.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Spink J. M., Pullinger G. D., Wood M. W., Lax A. J. Regulation of spvR, the positive regulatory gene of Salmonella plasmid virulence genes. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1994 Feb 1;116(1):113–121. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb06684.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Valone S. E., Chikami G. K., Miller V. L. Stress induction of the virulence proteins (SpvA, -B, and -C) from native plasmid pSDL2 of Salmonella dublin. Infect Immun. 1993 Feb;61(2):705–713. doi: 10.1128/iai.61.2.705-713.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES