Abstract
Male mass radiography volunteers aged 40 or more were questioned about their sputum production and cigarette consumption in relation to type (filter or plain) smoked. Of 10,414 volunteers, 3,045 smoked filter cigarettes and 2,393 smoked plain cigarettes. The rate of persistent daily sputum of filter smokers (31·9%) was significantly lower than that of plain cigarette smokers (37·2%). A similar pattern was maintained when age and cigarette consumption were standardized. These figures are thought to understate the less injurious nature of filter cigarettes, since more than half of the filter smokers with persistent sputum developed this while previously smoking plain cigarettes.
Whatever the reasons for the less injurious nature of filter cigarettes, it seems that cigarette smokers unable to stop smoking might suffer less from chronic bronchitis if they changed to filter cigarettes.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Bross I. D., Gibson R. Risks of lung cancer in smokers who switch to filter cigarettes. Am J Public Health Nations Health. 1968 Aug;58(8):1396–1403. doi: 10.2105/ajph.58.8.1396. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- HIGGINS I. T. Tobacco smoking, respiratory symptoms, and ventilatory capacity; studies in random samples of the population. Br Med J. 1959 Feb 7;1(5118):325–329. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5118.325. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lowe C. R. Industrial bronchitis. Br Med J. 1969 Feb 22;1(5642):463–468. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5642.463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- REID D. D., ANDERSON D. O., FERRIS B. G., FLETCHER C. M. AN ANGLO-AMERICAN COMPARISON OF THE PREVALENCE OF BRONCHITIS. Br Med J. 1964 Dec 12;2(5423):1487–1491. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5423.1487. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rimington J. Chronic bronchitis, smoking and social class. A study among working people in the towns of Mid and East Cheshire. Br J Dis Chest. 1969 Oct;63(4):193–205. doi: 10.1016/s0007-0971(69)80019-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- THURLBECK W. M., ANGUS G. E., PARE J. P. Mucous gland hypertrophy in chronic bronchitis, and its occurrence in smokers. Br J Dis Chest. 1963 Apr;57:73–78. doi: 10.1016/s0007-0971(63)80017-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wynder E. L., Mabuchi K., Beattie E. J., Jr The epidemiology of lung cancer. Recent trends. JAMA. 1970 Sep 28;213(13):2221–2228. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]