Abstract
Mupirocin (pseudomonic acid A), an antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens, showed a high level of activity against staphylococci and streptococci and against certain gram-negative bacteria, including Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, but was much less active against most gram-negative bacilli an anaerobes. Nearly all clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, including multiply resistant strains, were susceptible (mupirocin MIC, less than or equal to 0.5 microgram/ml). There was no cross-resistance between mupirocin and clinically available antibiotics, and the selection of resistant variants in vitro occurred at a low frequency. Mupirocin was highly bound (95% bound) to the protein of human serum, and activity was reduced 10- to 20-fold in the presence of human serum. The activity of mupirocin was not greatly influenced by inoculum size but was significantly enhanced in acid medium. In tests of bactericidal activity, MBCs were 8- to 32-fold higher than MICs and the antibiotic demonstrated a slow bactericidal action in time-kill tests, resulting in 90 to 99% killing after 24 h at 37 degrees C.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Casewell M. W., Hill R. L. Pseudomonic acid and control of methicillin-resistant staphylococci. Lancet. 1983 Dec 3;2(8362):1312–1312. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(83)91197-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chain E. B., Mellows G. Pseudomonic acid. Part 1. The structure of pseudomonic acid A, a novel antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens. J Chem Soc Perkin 1. 1977;(3):294–309. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chain E. B., Mellows G. Pseudomonic acid. Part 3. Structure of pseudomonic acid B. J Chem Soc Perkin 1. 1977;(3):318–324. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dacre J. E., Emmerson A. M., Jenner E. A. Nasal carriage of gentamicin and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus treated with topical pseudomonic acid. Lancet. 1983 Oct 29;2(8357):1036–1036. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(83)91029-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fuller A. T., Mellows G., Woolford M., Banks G. T., Barrow K. D., Chain E. B. Pseudomonic acid: an antibiotic produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens. Nature. 1971 Dec 17;234(5329):416–417. doi: 10.1038/234416a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hughes J., Mellows G. Inhibition of isoleucyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase in Escherichia coli by pseudomonic acid. Biochem J. 1978 Oct 15;176(1):305–318. doi: 10.1042/bj1760305. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hughes J., Mellows G. Interaction of pseudomonic acid A with Escherichia coli B isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. Biochem J. 1980 Oct 1;191(1):209–219. doi: 10.1042/bj1910209. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hughes J., Mellows G. On the mode of action of pseudomonic acid: inhibition of protein synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1978 Apr;31(4):330–335. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.31.330. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reilly G. D., Spencer R. C. Pseudomonic acid--a new antibiotic for skin infections. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1984 Mar;13(3):295–298. doi: 10.1093/jac/13.3.295. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Selwyn S., Ellis H. Skin bacteria and skin disinfection reconsidered. Br Med J. 1972 Jan 15;1(5793):136–140. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5793.136. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Selwyn S. Natural antibiosis among skin bacteria as a primary defence against infection. Br J Dermatol. 1975 Nov;93(5):487–493. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1975.tb02241.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wuite J., Davies B. I., Go M., Lambers J., Jackson D., Mellows G. Pseudomonic acid: a new topical antimicrobial agent. Lancet. 1983 Aug 13;2(8346):394–394. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(83)90358-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]