Skip to main content
PMC home page
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy logoLink to Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
. 1981 May;19(5):794–797. doi: 10.1128/aac.19.5.794

Activity of moxalactam and cefotaxime alone and in combination with ampicillin or penicillin against group B streptococci.

S H Landesman, M L Corrado, C E Cherubin, M F Sierra
PMCID: PMC181524  PMID: 6271048

Abstract

The activities of moxalactam and cefotaxime, alone and combined with ampicillin or penicillin, against 40 isolates of group B streptococci were assessed by using the microtiter broth dilution, checkerboard, and time-kill techniques. Penicillin and cefotaxime were bactericidal for all isolates at concentrations of 0.06 micrograms/ml or less. Ampicillin was slightly less active. Moxalactam was bactericidal for all strains at concentrations of 4 to 8 micrograms/ml. The ampicillin- moxalactam combination was partially synergistic for 60% of the isolates tested; the ampicillin-cefotaxime combination was partially synergistic for 35% of these isolates. No instances of antagonism were observed. In time-kill evaluations, ampicillin (3.0 micrograms/ml) and penicillin (0.75 micrograms/ml) effected 2.5 to 3.5 log10 reductions in numbers of colony-forming units. The addition of 4 micrograms of cefotaxime per ml or 8 to 16 micrograms of moxalactam per ml to penicillin or ampicillin did not alter killing kinetics. Moxalactam and cefotaxime neither enhanced nor decreased the activity of ampicillin or penicillin against group B streptococci.

Full text

PDF
794

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Andriole V. T. Antibiotic synergy in experimental infection with Pseudomonas. II. The effect of carbenicillin, cephalothin, or cephanone combined with tobramycin or gentamicin. J Infect Dis. 1974 Feb;129(2):124–133. doi: 10.1093/infdis/129.2.124. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Baker C. J., Barrett F. F., Gordon R. C., Yow M. D. Suppurative meningitis due to streptococci of Lancefield group B: a study of 33 infants. J Pediatr. 1973 Apr;82(4):724–729. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(73)80606-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Barton L. L., Feigin R. D., Lins R. Group B beta hemolytic streptococcal meningitis in infants. J Pediatr. 1973 Apr;82(4):719–723. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(73)80605-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Belohradsky B. H., Bruch K., Geiss D., Kafetzis D., Marget W., Peters G. Intravenous cefotaxime in children with bacterial meningitis. Lancet. 1980 Jan 12;1(8159):61–63. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(80)90491-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Corrado M. L., Landesman S. H., Cherubin C. E. Influence of inoculum size on activity of cefoperazone, cefotaxime, moxalactam, piperacillin, and N-formimidoyl thienamycin (MK0787) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Dec;18(6):893–896. doi: 10.1128/aac.18.6.893. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Delgado D. G., Brau C. J., Cobbs C. G., Dismukes W. E. In vitro activity of LY127935, a new 1-oxa cephalosporin, against aerobic gram-negative bacilli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1979 Dec;16(6):864–868. doi: 10.1128/aac.16.6.864. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fass R. J. In vitro activity of LY127935. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1979 Oct;16(4):503–509. doi: 10.1128/aac.16.4.503. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. GROOVER R. V., SUTHERLAND J. M., LANDING B. H. Purulent meningitis of newborn infants. Eleven-year experience in the antibiotic era. N Engl J Med. 1961 Jun 1;264:1115–1121. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196106012642201. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Heckmatt J. Z. Coliform meningitis in the newborn. Arch Dis Child. 1976 Aug;51(8):569–575. doi: 10.1136/adc.51.8.569. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hieber J. P., Nelson J. D. A pharmacologic evaluation of penicillin in children with purulent meningitis. N Engl J Med. 1977 Aug 25;297(8):410–413. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197708252970802. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Landesman S. H., Corrado M. L., Cherubin C. C., Gombert M., Cleri D. Diffusion of a new beta-lactam (LY 127935) into cerebrospinal fluid. Implications for therapy of gram-negative bacillary meningitis. Am J Med. 1980 Jul;69(1):92–98. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(80)90505-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. McCracken G. H., Jr, Mize S. G. A controlled study of intrathecal antibiotic therapy in gram-negative enteric meningitis of infancy. Report of the neonatal meningitis cooperative study group. J Pediatr. 1976 Jul;89(1):66–72. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(76)80929-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Moellering R. C., Jr Antimicrobial synergism--an elusive concept. J Infect Dis. 1979 Oct;140(4):639–641. doi: 10.1093/infdis/140.4.639. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Neu H. C., Aswapokee N., Aswapokee P., Fu K. P. HR 756, a new cephalosporin active against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1979 Feb;15(2):273–281. doi: 10.1128/aac.15.2.273. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Neu H. C., Aswapokee N., Fu K. P., Aswapokee P. Antibacterial activity of a new 1-oxa cephalosporin compared with that of other beta-lactam compounds. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1979 Aug;16(2):141–149. doi: 10.1128/aac.16.2.141. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Shah P. M., Helm E. B., Stille W. Klinische Erfahrungen mit Cefotaxim, einem neuen Cephalosporin-Derivat. Med Welt. 1979 Feb 23;30(8):298–301. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Thrupp L. D., Leedom J. M., Ivler D., Wehrle P. F., Portnoy B., Mathies A. W. Ampicillin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid during treatment of bacterial meningitis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (Bethesda) 1965;5:206–213. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. YU J. S., GRAUAUG A. PURULENT MENINGITIS IN THE NEONATAL PERIOD. Arch Dis Child. 1963 Aug;38:391–396. doi: 10.1136/adc.38.200.391. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES