Abstract
Ten normal subjects and ten patients with chronic renal failure requiring hemodialysis were given intravenous infusions of moxalactam ranging from 500 mg to 2 g. Serum and urine concentrations were measured for up to 12 h. Renal failure subjects were given doses both during and between hemodialysis treatments. Protein binding of moxalactam in both normal and uremic serum was determined by ultracentrifugation. The serum half-life in normal subjects was 2.1 and 2.3 h for the 1- and 2-g doses, respectively. The half-life of moxalactam in patients with renal failure was 13.9 h on the 500-mg dose and 13.3 h on the 1.0-g dose. During hemodialysis the serum half-life fell to 4.4 and 5.7 h, respectively. Moxalactam protein binding ranged from 52% in normal serum to 36% in renal failure patient serum. Unbound moxalactam appeared to distribute with the entire body water based on the serum pharmacokinetics and antibiotic serum protein binding determined in this study.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Aronoff G. R., Sloan R. S., Mong S. A., Luft F. C., Kleit S. A. Moxalactam pharmacokinetics during hemodialysis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1981 Apr;19(4):575–577. doi: 10.1128/aac.19.4.575. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bolton W. K., Scheld W. M., Spyker D. A., Overby T. L., Sande M. A. Pharmacokinetics of moxalactam in subjects with various degrees of renal dysfunction. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Dec;18(6):933–938. doi: 10.1128/aac.18.6.933. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lam M., Manion C. V., Czerwinski A. W. Pharmacokinetics of moxalactam in patients with renal insufficiency. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1981 Mar;19(3):461–464. doi: 10.1128/aac.19.3.461. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Parsons J. N., Romano J. M., Levison M. E. Pharmacology of a new 1-oxa-beta-lactam (LY127935) in normal volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1980 Feb;17(2):226–228. doi: 10.1128/aac.17.2.226. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Peterson L. R., Gerding D. N. Influence of protein binding of antibiotics on serum pharmacokinetics and extravascular penetration: clinically useful concepts. Rev Infect Dis. 1980 May-Jun;2(3):340–348. doi: 10.1093/clinids/2.3.340. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Peterson L. R., Hall W. H., Zinneman H. H., Gerding D. N. Standardization of a preparative ultracentrifuge method for quantitative determination or protein binding of seven antibiotics. J Infect Dis. 1977 Dec;136(6):778–783. doi: 10.1093/infdis/136.6.778. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sabath L. D. The assay of antimicrobial compounds. Hum Pathol. 1976 May;7(3):287–295. doi: 10.1016/s0046-8177(76)80039-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Scheld W. M., Spyker D. A., Donowitz G. R., Bolton W. K., Sande M. A. Moxalactam and cefazolin: comparative pharmacokinetics in normal subjects. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1981 Apr;19(4):613–619. doi: 10.1128/aac.19.4.613. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]