Abstract
Bad breath, halitosis, is an unpleasant problem most people try to avoid. Physicians seem particularly adept at avoiding halitosis by referring patients with this problem to a dentist. However, halitosis may be a symptom of a serious disease. Even if a serious disorder is not present, the cause of bad breath can usually be determined and appropriate therapy given. In this article the causes of halitosis and suggestions for treatment are outlined.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Bartlett J. G., Finegold S. M. Anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections. Medicine (Baltimore) 1972 Nov;51(6):413–450. doi: 10.1097/00005792-197211000-00001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ceravolo F. J., Baumhammers A. Halitosis. Periodontal Abstr. 1973 Winter;21(4):151–154. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Erikssen J., Seegaard E., Naess K. Letter: Side-effect of thiocarbamides. Lancet. 1975 Jan 25;1(7900):231–232. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(75)91417-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Everett F. G. Halitosis. J Oreg Dent Assoc. 1971 Dec;41(2):13–14. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Henkin R. I., Schechter P. J., Hoye R., Mattern C. F. Idiopathic hypogeusia with dysgeusia, hyposmia, and dysosmia. A new syndrome. JAMA. 1971 Jul 26;217(4):434–440. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hussey H. H. Editorial: Taste and smell deviations: importance of zinc. JAMA. 1974 Jun 24;228(13):1669–1670. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kutscher A. H., Zegarelli E. V., Everett F. DMSO in stomatologic research. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1967 Mar 15;141(1):465–470. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1967.tb34912.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MASSLER M., EMSLIE R. D., BOLDEN T. E. Fetor ex ore; a review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1951 Jan;4(1):110–125. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(51)90529-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McNamara T. F., Alexander J. F., Lee M. The role of microorganisms in the production of oral malodor. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1972 Jul;34(1):41–48. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(72)90271-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SCHNEYER L. H., PIGMAN W., HANAHAN L., GILMORE R. W. Rate of flow of human parotid, sublingual, and submaxillary secretions during sleep. J Dent Res. 1956 Feb;35(1):109–114. doi: 10.1177/00220345560350010301. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tonzetich J. Direct gas chromatographic analysis of sulphur compounds in mouth air in man. Arch Oral Biol. 1971 Jun;16(6):587–597. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(71)90062-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tonzetich J. Production and origin of oral malodor: a review of mechanisms and methods of analysis. J Periodontol. 1977 Jan;48(1):13–20. doi: 10.1902/jop.1977.48.1.13. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]