Skip to main content
NCBI home page
The American Journal of Pathology logoLink to The American Journal of Pathology
. 1996 Sep;149(3):739–744.

Activated ras. Yet another player in melanoma?

M Herlyn 1, K Satyamoorthy 1
PMCID: PMC1865164  PMID: 8780377

Full text

PDF
739

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Abdellatif M., MacLellan W. R., Schneider M. D. p21 Ras as a governor of global gene expression. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jun 3;269(22):15423–15426. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Abrams E. S., Shtatland T., Lerman L. S. PCR assay for a polymorphic TaqI site in the human K-ras-2 gene on chromosome 12p (KRAS2). Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Sep 11;19(17):4795–4795. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.17.4795. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Albino A. P., Nanus D. M., Davis M. L., McNutt N. S. Lack of evidence of Ki-ras codon 12 mutations in melanocytic lesions. J Cutan Pathol. 1991 Aug;18(4):273–278. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0560.1991.tb01235.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Albino A. P., Nanus D. M., Mentle I. R., Cordon-Cardo C., McNutt N. S., Bressler J., Andreeff M. Analysis of ras oncogenes in malignant melanoma and precursor lesions: correlation of point mutations with differentiation phenotype. Oncogene. 1989 Nov;4(11):1363–1374. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Albino A. P., Sozzi G., Nanus D. M., Jhanwar S. C., Houghton A. N. Malignant transformation of human melanocytes: induction of a complete melanoma phenotype and genotype. Oncogene. 1992 Nov;7(11):2315–2321. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Andres A. C., Schönenberger C. A., Groner B., Hennighausen L., LeMeur M., Gerlinger P. Ha-ras oncogene expression directed by a milk protein gene promoter: tissue specificity, hormonal regulation, and tumor induction in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Mar;84(5):1299–1303. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.5.1299. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Ball N. J., Yohn J. J., Morelli J. G., Norris D. A., Golitz L. E., Hoeffler J. P. Ras mutations in human melanoma: a marker of malignant progression. J Invest Dermatol. 1994 Mar;102(3):285–290. doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12371783. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Bos J. L. ras oncogenes in human cancer: a review. Cancer Res. 1989 Sep 1;49(17):4682–4689. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Bradl M., Klein-Szanto A., Porter S., Mintz B. Malignant melanoma in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jan 1;88(1):164–168. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.1.164. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Burgering B. M., Bos J. L. Regulation of Ras-mediated signalling: more than one way to skin a cat. Trends Biochem Sci. 1995 Jan;20(1):18–22. doi: 10.1016/s0968-0004(00)88944-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Carr J., Mackie R. M. Point mutations in the N-ras oncogene in malignant melanoma and congenital naevi. Br J Dermatol. 1994 Jul;131(1):72–77. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb08460.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gerhard D. S., Dracopoli N. C., Bale S. J., Houghton A. N., Watkins P., Payne C. E., Greene M. H., Housman D. E. Evidence against Ha-ras-1 involvement in sporadic and familial melanoma. Nature. 1987 Jan 1;325(6099):73–75. doi: 10.1038/325073a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Greenhalgh D. A., Wang X. J., Dominey A. M., Rothnagel J. A., Roop D. R. Development of transgenic mouse models of skin carcinogenesis: potential applications. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1994;387:75–94. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hirama T., Koeffler H. P. Role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in the development of cancer. Blood. 1995 Aug 1;86(3):841–854. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Jafari M., Papp T., Kirchner S., Diener U., Henschler D., Burg G., Schiffmann D. Analysis of ras mutations in human melanocytic lesions: activation of the ras gene seems to be associated with the nodular type of human malignant melanoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1995;121(1):23–30. doi: 10.1007/BF01202725. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Lam E. W., La Thangue N. B. DP and E2F proteins: coordinating transcription with cell cycle progression. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1994 Dec;6(6):859–866. doi: 10.1016/0955-0674(94)90057-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Lander H. M., Ogiste J. S., Teng K. K., Novogrodsky A. p21ras as a common signaling target of reactive free radicals and cellular redox stress. J Biol Chem. 1995 Sep 8;270(36):21195–21198. doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.36.21195. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Ley R. D., Applegate L. A., Padilla R. S., Stuart T. D. Ultraviolet radiation--induced malignant melanoma in Monodelphis domestica. Photochem Photobiol. 1989 Jul;50(1):1–5. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1989.tb04123.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lowe D. G., Capon D. J., Delwart E., Sakaguchi A. Y., Naylor S. L., Goeddel D. V. Structure of the human and murine R-ras genes, novel genes closely related to ras proto-oncogenes. Cell. 1987 Jan 16;48(1):137–146. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90364-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Mangues R., Seidman I., Pellicer A., Gordon J. W. Tumorigenesis and male sterility in transgenic mice expressing a MMTV/N-ras oncogene. Oncogene. 1990 Oct;5(10):1491–1497. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Mitchell E. L., Jones D., White G. R., Varley J. M., Santibanez Koref M. F. Determination of the gene order of the three loci CD2, NGFB, and NRAS at human chromosome band 1p13 and refinement of their localisation at the subband level by fluorescence in situ hybridisation. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1995;70(3-4):183–185. doi: 10.1159/000134028. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Nielsen L. L., Discafani C. M., Gurnani M., Tyler R. D. Histopathology of salivary and mammary gland tumors in transgenic mice expressing a human Ha-ras oncogene. Cancer Res. 1991 Jul 15;51(14):3762–3767. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Noz K. C., Roza L., Bergman W., Darroudi F., Schothorst A. A. UV induction of cyclobutane thymine dimers in the DNA of cultured melanocytes from foreskin, common melanocytic nevi and dysplastic nevi. Photochem Photobiol. 1994 May;59(5):534–540. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1994.tb02979.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Platz A., Ringborg U., Brahme E. M., Lagerlöf B. Melanoma metastases from patients with hereditary cutaneous malignant melanoma contain a high frequency of N-ras activating mutations. Melanoma Res. 1994 Jun;4(3):169–177. doi: 10.1097/00008390-199406000-00005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Platz A., Ringborg U., Grafström E., Hög A., Lagerlöf B. Immunohistochemical analysis of the N-ras p21 and the p53 proteins in naevi, primary tumours and metastases of human cutaneous malignant melanoma: increased immunopositivity in hereditary melanoma. Melanoma Res. 1995 Apr;5(2):101–106. doi: 10.1097/00008390-199504000-00005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Powell M. B., Hyman P., Bell O. D., Balmain A., Brown K., Alberts D., Bowden G. T. Hyperpigmentation and melanocytic hyperplasia in transgenic mice expressing the human T24 Ha-ras gene regulated by a mouse tyrosinase promoter. Mol Carcinog. 1995 Feb;12(2):82–90. doi: 10.1002/mc.2940120205. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Quaife C. J., Pinkert C. A., Ornitz D. M., Palmiter R. D., Brinster R. L. Pancreatic neoplasia induced by ras expression in acinar cells of transgenic mice. Cell. 1987 Mar 27;48(6):1023–1034. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90710-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Raybaud F., Noguchi T., Marics I., Adelaide J., Planche J., Batoz M., Aubert C., de Lapeyriere O., Birnbaum D. Detection of a low frequency of activated ras genes in human melanomas using a tumorigenicity assay. Cancer Res. 1988 Feb 15;48(4):950–953. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Setlow R. B., Woodhead A. D., Grist E. Animal model for ultraviolet radiation-induced melanoma: platyfish-swordtail hybrid. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Nov;86(22):8922–8926. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.22.8922. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Shukla V. K., Hughes D. C., Hughes L. E., McCormick F., Padua R. A. ras mutations in human melanotic lesions: K-ras activation is a frequent and early event in melanoma development. Oncogene Res. 1989;5(2):121–127. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Sinn E., Muller W., Pattengale P., Tepler I., Wallace R., Leder P. Coexpression of MMTV/v-Ha-ras and MMTV/c-myc genes in transgenic mice: synergistic action of oncogenes in vivo. Cell. 1987 May 22;49(4):465–475. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90449-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Soballe P. W., Montone K. T., Satyamoorthy K., Nesbit M., Herlyn M. Carcinogenesis in human skin grafted to SCID mice. Cancer Res. 1996 Feb 15;56(4):757–764. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Soparker C. N., O'Brien J. M., Albert D. M. Investigation of the role of the ras protooncogene point mutation in human uveal melanomas. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1993 Jun;34(7):2203–2209. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Stanley L. A. Molecular aspects of chemical carcinogenesis: the roles of oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes. Toxicology. 1995 Feb 27;96(3):173–194. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(94)02991-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Tremblay P. J., Pothier F., Hoang T., Tremblay G., Brownstein S., Liszauer A., Jolicoeur P. Transgenic mice carrying the mouse mammary tumor virus ras fusion gene: distinct effects in various tissues. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Feb;9(2):854–859. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.2.854. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Umanoff H., Edelmann W., Pellicer A., Kucherlapati R. The murine N-ras gene is not essential for growth and development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Feb 28;92(5):1709–1713. doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.5.1709. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Wagner S. N., Ockenfels H. M., Wagner C., Höfler H., Goos M. Ras gene mutations: a rare event in nonmetastatic primary malignant melanoma. J Invest Dermatol. 1995 May;104(5):868–871. doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12607039. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Weinberg R. A. The retinoblastoma protein and cell cycle control. Cell. 1995 May 5;81(3):323–330. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90385-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Weitzel J. N., Patel J. A single P1 clone bearing three genes from human chromosome 11p15.5: HRC1, HRAS1, and RNH. Genet Anal Tech Appl. 1994;11(5-6):165–170. doi: 10.1016/1050-3862(94)90037-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Wiseman H., Halliwell B. Damage to DNA by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: role in inflammatory disease and progression to cancer. Biochem J. 1996 Jan 1;313(Pt 1):17–29. doi: 10.1042/bj3130017. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Yasuda H., Kobayashi H., Ohkawara A., Kuzumaki N. Differential expression of ras oncogene products among the types of human melanomas and melanocytic nevi. J Invest Dermatol. 1989 Jul;93(1):54–59. doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12277350. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. van 't Veer L. J., Burgering B. M., Versteeg R., Boot A. J., Ruiter D. J., Osanto S., Schrier P. I., Bos J. L. N-ras mutations in human cutaneous melanoma from sun-exposed body sites. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Jul;9(7):3114–3116. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.7.3114. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The American Journal of Pathology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Investigative Pathology

RESOURCES